Aqa GCSE Psychology
View Course TimetableTheme 1: Cognition and Behaviour - Memory
Processes of Memory (4 lessons)
Explore processes of memory in Psychology.
Encoding, Storage and Retrieval
Explore how memories are encoded, stored in different memory systems and later retrieved for use.
Start LessonTypes of Memory - Episodic, Semantic and Procedural
Explore the three memory types: episodic, semantic and procedural and how they function differently.
Start LessonHow Memories are Encoded and Stored
Explore how memories are encoded through sensory channels and stored in different memory systems.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Memory Processes
Review memory models and practice applying key concepts to strengthen understanding and recall.
Start LessonStructures of Memory (10 lessons)
Explore structures of memory in Psychology.
The Multi-store Model Introduction
Explore how memory works through Atkinson and Shiffrin's influential three-store model of memory processing.
Start LessonSensory Memory Store
Explore how sensory memory briefly stores and processes incoming information from our senses.
Start LessonShort-term Memory Store
Explore how short-term memory works, its limits and how we use it daily.
Start LessonLong-term Memory Store
Explore how long-term memories are encoded, stored and retrieved in different memory types.
Start LessonCoding in Memory Stores
Explore how information is coded and stored in different memory systems.
Start LessonCapacity of Memory Stores
Explore the capacity limits of sensory, short-term and long-term memory stores in psychology.
Start LessonDuration of Memory Stores
Explore how long information stays in sensory, short-term and long-term memory stores.
Start LessonPrimacy and Recency Effects
Explore how memory prioritizes first and last items in a list and why this matters.
Start LessonMurdock Serial Position Curve Study
Explore Murdock's classic study on memory position effects and its implications for learning.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Memory Structures
Review memory structure models and test your understanding with practice activities.
Start LessonMemory as an Active Process (8 lessons)
Explore memory as an active process in Psychology.
Theory of Reconstructive Memory
Explore how memory actively reconstructs events using schemas rather than playing back exact recordings.
Start LessonEffort After Meaning Concept
Explore how memory actively reconstructs information using schemas and cultural knowledge.
Start LessonBartlett War of the Ghosts Study
Explore how Bartlett's famous study revealed memory as an active, reconstructive process shaped by culture.
Start LessonFactors Affecting Memory Accuracy
Explore how schemas, leading questions and post-event information affect memory accuracy and reliability.
Start LessonInterference in Memory
Explore how memories compete and interfere with each other during the recall process.
Start LessonContext Effects on Memory
Explore how environmental and internal contexts powerfully influence memory encoding and retrieval.
Start LessonFalse Memories
Explore how false memories form and impact eyewitness testimony in legal settings.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Reconstructive Memory
Explore how memory is actively reconstructed and factors affecting eyewitness testimony accuracy.
Start LessonTheme 2: Cognition and Behaviour - Perception
Sensation and Perception (3 lessons)
Explore sensation and perception in Psychology.
Difference Between Sensation and Perception
Explore how our brains detect stimuli and transform raw sensations into meaningful perceptions.
Start LessonBasic Principles of Perception
Explore how the brain organizes sensory information into meaningful patterns using perceptual principles.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Sensation vs Perception
Review the key differences between sensation and perception with practical examples and applications.
Start LessonVisual Cues and Constancies (9 lessons)
Explore visual cues and constancies in Psychology.
Monocular Depth Cues Introduction
Explore how our brains use single-eye visual clues to perceive depth in our environment.
Start LessonHeight in Plane
Explore how objects higher in our visual field appear farther away in perception.
Start LessonRelative Size
Learn how relative size helps us judge distance and perceive depth in our visual world.
Start LessonOcclusion
Explore how occlusion helps us perceive depth when objects partially hide others.
Start LessonLinear Perspective
Explore how linear perspective creates depth perception through converging lines and vanishing points.
Start LessonBinocular Depth Cues Introduction
Explore how your two eyes work together to create 3D vision through binocular depth cues.
Start LessonRetinal Disparity
Explore how our brain uses slight differences in eye images to create 3D vision.
Start LessonConvergence
Explore how eye convergence works as a depth cue and maintains visual constancies.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Depth Cues
Explore how visual depth cues help us perceive a 3D world from 2D images.
Start LessonGibson Direct Theory of Perception (5 lessons)
Explore gibson direct theory of perception in Psychology.
Nature vs Nurture in Perception
Explore how Gibson's theory explains whether perception is innate or shaped by experience.
Start LessonDirect Perception Theory
Explore how we perceive the world directly through environmental information and affordances.
Start LessonMotion Parallax
Explore how motion parallax helps us perceive depth through relative movement of objects.
Start LessonReal World Information for Perception
Explore how we directly perceive information from our environment using Gibson's ecological approach.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Gibson Theory
Explore Gibson's Direct Theory of Perception and evaluate its strengths and limitations with evidence.
Start LessonVisual Illusions (12 lessons)
Explore visual illusions in Psychology.
What are Visual Illusions?
Explore how visual illusions trick our brain and what they reveal about visual perception.
Start LessonAmbiguity in Visual Illusions
Explore how our brain interprets ambiguous images and switches between multiple visual perceptions.
Start LessonMisinterpreted Depth Cues
Explore how our brain misinterprets visual depth cues, creating fascinating optical illusions.
Start LessonFiction in Visual Illusions
Explore how our brain creates fictional perceptions through various types of visual illusions.
Start LessonSize Constancy
Explore how our brain maintains consistent object size perception despite varying distances.
Start LessonThe Ponzo Illusion
Explore how the Ponzo illusion reveals depth perception mechanisms and size constancy principles.
Start LessonThe Muller-Lyer Illusion
Explore how the Müller-Lyer illusion tricks our brain and what it reveals about visual perception.
Start LessonRubin Vase
Explore how the Rubin Vase illusion reveals principles of figure-ground perception in psychology.
Start LessonThe Ames Room
Explore how the Ames Room illusion tricks our perception of size and depth through clever design.
Start LessonThe Kanizsa Triangle
Explore how the Kanizsa Triangle reveals the brain's ability to perceive illusory contours.
Start LessonThe Necker Cube
Explore the Necker Cube illusion and how our brain processes ambiguous visual information.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Visual Illusions
Review visual illusions, understand their causes and apply theories to explain perceptual errors.
Start LessonGregory Constructivist Theory (4 lessons)
Explore gregory constructivist theory in Psychology.
Constructivist Theory Introduction
Explore how Gregory's theory explains perception as an active construction process using prior knowledge.
Start LessonRole of Inferences in Perception
Explore how our brains use inferences to actively construct meaning from sensory information.
Start LessonPast Experience and Perception
Explore how past experiences shape our perception according to Gregory's Constructivist Theory.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Gregory Theory
Explore Gregory's constructivist theory of perception and apply it to real-world scenarios.
Start LessonFactors Affecting Perception (8 lessons)
Explore factors affecting perception in Psychology.
Perceptual Set Introduction
Explore how expectations and context shape what we perceive in our everyday visual world.
Start LessonCulture and Perception
Explore how cultural background shapes our visual perception and interpretation of the world.
Start LessonMotivation and Perception
Explore how our needs and desires shape what we perceive in our environment.
Start LessonEmotion and Perception
Explore how emotions influence what we perceive and how we interpret sensory information.
Start LessonExpectation and Perception
Explore how our expectations shape what we perceive and interpret in our environment.
Start LessonGilchrist and Nesberg Study
Explore how hunger affects perception of food images in the Gilchrist and Nesberg study.
Start LessonBruner and Minturn Study
Explore how context and expectations influence our perception of ambiguous stimuli.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Perceptual Factors
Explore how motivation, expectation, emotion and culture influence our perception of the world.
Start LessonTheme 3: Cognition and Behaviour - Development
Early Brain Development (10 lessons)
Explore early brain development in Psychology.
Basic Brain Development
Explore how the brain develops from conception through childhood and its critical periods.
Start LessonNeural Structures in the Womb
Explore how the brain forms and develops its key structures during pregnancy.
Start LessonBrain Stem Development
Explore how the brain stem develops and controls vital survival functions from early pregnancy.
Start LessonThalamus and Cerebellum
Explore the structure and functions of the thalamus and cerebellum in early brain development.
Start LessonCortex Development
Explore how the cerebral cortex develops from embryo to adolescence and its critical periods.
Start LessonAutonomic Functions Development
Explore how the brain develops vital automatic functions essential for survival from birth.
Start LessonSensory Processing Development
Explore how the brain develops sensory processing abilities from prenatal stages through childhood.
Start LessonMovement and Cognition Development
Explore how brain development influences movement skills and cognitive abilities in early childhood.
Start LessonNature vs Nurture in Development
Explore how genes and environment interact to shape early brain development and behaviour.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Brain Development
Review key processes of brain development and practice applying concepts to real-world scenarios.
Start LessonPiaget Stage Theory (11 lessons)
Explore piaget stage theory in Psychology.
Piaget Theory Introduction
Explore how Piaget's theory explains cognitive development through distinct stages and key concepts.
Start LessonAssimilation and Accommodation
Explore how children adapt to new information through mental processes of assimilation and accommodation.
Start LessonSensorimotor Stage
Explore Piaget's sensorimotor stage theory and how infants develop cognitive abilities from birth to age two.
Start LessonPre-operational Stage
Explore how children aged 2-7 think symbolically but struggle with logical reasoning
Start LessonConcrete Operational Stage
Explore how children develop logical thinking about concrete situations between ages 7-11.
Start LessonFormal Operational Stage
Explore how adolescents develop abstract reasoning and hypothetical thinking abilities.
Start LessonEgocentricity Reduction
Explore how children develop the ability to understand others' perspectives beyond their own.
Start LessonConservation Development
Explore how children develop understanding that quantity remains unchanged despite appearance changes.
Start LessonMcGarrigle and Donaldson Study
Explore how the "naughty teddy" study challenged Piaget's conservation task findings.
Start LessonHughes Policeman Doll Study
Explore Hughes' Policeman Doll Study and how it challenged Piaget's theory of egocentrism.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Piaget Stages
Review Piaget's four cognitive development stages and practice applying this theory to real-world scenarios.
Start LessonPiaget Theory in Education (4 lessons)
Explore piaget theory in education in Psychology.
Educational Applications
Discover how Piaget's cognitive development theory shapes modern educational approaches and classroom practices.
Start LessonStage-appropriate Learning
Explore how Piaget's developmental stages guide effective age-appropriate teaching methods.
Start LessonActive Learning Principles
Explore how Piaget's theory shapes active learning principles in modern education.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Educational Applications
Explore how Piaget's cognitive development theory shapes modern educational practices and classroom learning.
Start LessonEffects of Learning on Development (10 lessons)
Explore effects of learning on development in Psychology.
Dweck Mindset Theory
Explore how beliefs about intelligence affect learning, motivation and achievement through Dweck's theory.
Start LessonFixed Mindset
Explore how fixed mindset beliefs limit learning potential and shape developmental outcomes.
Start LessonGrowth Mindset
Explore how growth mindset beliefs shape learning, achievement and psychological development.
Start LessonRole of Praise in Learning
Explore how different types of praise impact motivation, mindset and learning outcomes
Start LessonSelf-efficacy Beliefs
Explore how beliefs about our abilities shape our behaviour, choices and development.
Start LessonLearning Styles Introduction
Explore different learning style theories and how they affect educational development.
Start LessonVerbalisers and Visualisers
Explore how verbalisers and visualisers process information differently and apply learning strategies.
Start LessonWillingham Learning Theory
Explore how Willingham's cognitive theory explains effective learning through memory and practice.
Start LessonCriticism of Learning Styles
Examine why learning styles theories lack scientific support despite their educational popularity.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Learning and Development
Review key learning theories and practice applying them to developmental psychology scenarios.
Start LessonTheme 4: Cognition and Behaviour - Research Methods
Formulation of Hypotheses (4 lessons)
Explore formulation of hypotheses in Psychology.
Null Hypothesis
Learn how to formulate null hypotheses in psychology research and understand their importance in statistical testing.
Start LessonAlternative Hypothesis
Learn to formulate and test alternative hypotheses in psychological research
Start LessonWriting Testable Hypotheses
Learn to write clear, testable hypotheses for psychological research with proper variables and predictions.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Hypotheses
Learn to formulate and evaluate different types of hypotheses for psychological research.
Start LessonTypes of Variables (4 lessons)
Explore types of variables in Psychology.
Independent Variables
Learn how to identify, manipulate and evaluate independent variables in psychological research experiments.
Start LessonDependent Variables
Learn how to identify, measure and analyse dependent variables in psychological research.
Start LessonExtraneous Variables
Learn to identify and control extraneous variables in psychological research studies.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Variables
Learn to identify and control different variables in psychological research designs.
Start LessonSampling Methods (8 lessons)
Explore sampling methods in Psychology.
Target Populations and Samples
Learn how psychologists select research participants using different sampling methods.
Start LessonRandom Sampling
Learn how random sampling works and why it's crucial for valid psychological research.
Start LessonOpportunity Sampling
Learn how opportunity sampling works, its strengths, weaknesses and applications in psychology research.
Start LessonSystematic Sampling
Learn how to select research participants using fixed intervals with systematic sampling techniques.
Start LessonStratified Sampling
Learn how to select representative samples using stratified sampling techniques in psychology research.
Start LessonStrengths and Weaknesses of Sampling
Learn to evaluate different sampling methods and their impact on psychological research validity.
Start LessonPrinciples of Scientific Sampling
Learn how psychologists select representative samples for valid and reliable research findings.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Sampling
Master sampling techniques to select representative participants for psychological research studies.
Start LessonDesigning Research (16 lessons)
Explore designing research in Psychology.
Quantitative vs Qualitative Methods
Explore quantitative and qualitative research methods and when to apply each approach effectively.
Start LessonExperimental Method Introduction
Learn how to design and evaluate psychological experiments to test cause-effect relationships.
Start LessonIndependent Groups Design
Learn how to design and evaluate independent groups research in psychology studies.
Start LessonRepeated Measures Design
Learn how repeated measures designs work and when to use them in psychological research.
Start LessonMatched Pairs Design
Learn how matched pairs design controls variables and strengthens psychological experiments.
Start LessonLaboratory Experiments
Learn how to design and evaluate laboratory experiments in psychological research.
Start LessonField Experiments
Learn how field experiments study behaviour in natural settings with experimental control.
Start LessonNatural Experiments
Explore how psychologists use natural events as research opportunities without manipulation of variables.
Start LessonInterviews
Learn how to design and conduct effective interviews for psychological research
Start LessonQuestionnaires
Learn how to design and use questionnaires effectively in psychological research.
Start LessonCase Studies
Learn how case studies are designed and used as a research method in psychology.
Start LessonObservation Studies
Learn how to design and conduct effective observation studies in psychological research.
Start LessonCategories of Behaviour
Learn to classify, measure and record observable behaviours in psychological research.
Start LessonInterobserver Reliability
Learn how to assess and improve agreement between observers in psychological research.
Start LessonStrengths and Weaknesses of Methods
Evaluate research methods in psychology, examining their strengths and limitations for data collection.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Research Design
Learn to evaluate and select appropriate research designs for psychological investigations.
Start LessonCorrelation (5 lessons)
Explore correlation in Psychology.
Understanding Association
Learn how to identify, measure and interpret relationships between variables in psychological research.
Start LessonScatter Diagrams
Learn to create and interpret scatter diagrams to identify relationships between variables in psychology.
Start LessonCorrelational Relationships
Explore how variables relate to each other and why correlation doesn't equal causation.
Start LessonStrengths and Weaknesses of Correlations
Explore the key strengths and limitations of correlational research in psychological studies.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Correlation
Master correlation concepts, interpretation and limitations in psychological research.
Start LessonResearch Procedures (7 lessons)
Explore research procedures in Psychology.
Standardised Procedures
Learn how to create and apply standardised procedures in psychological research studies.
Start LessonInstructions to Participants
Learn how to create and evaluate effective instructions for participants in psychological research.
Start LessonRandomisation
Learn how randomisation techniques create fair and valid psychological research designs.
Start LessonAllocation to Conditions
Learn how researchers fairly assign participants to different experimental conditions in psychology studies.
Start LessonCounterbalancing
Learn how counterbalancing in psychology research prevents order effects and improves experimental validity.
Start LessonControlling Extraneous Variables
Learn techniques to control unwanted variables in psychological experiments for valid results.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Procedures
Master key research procedures in psychology and learn to evaluate studies effectively.
Start LessonPlanning and Conducting Research (4 lessons)
Explore planning and conducting research in Psychology.
Planning Research Considerations
Learn how to plan psychological research with proper methods, ethics and design considerations.
Start LessonReliability in Research
Learn how to ensure research measurements are consistent, stable and trustworthy in psychology.
Start LessonValidity in Research
Explore how researchers ensure their studies truly measure what they claim to measure.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Planning Research
Learn how to plan effective psychological research with valid methods and ethical considerations.
Start LessonEthical Considerations (4 lessons)
Explore ethical considerations in Psychology.
BPS Guidelines Introduction
Learn how BPS ethical guidelines protect participants and ensure responsible psychological research.
Start LessonEthical Issues in Research
Explore ethical guidelines in psychology research and how to protect participant welfare.
Start LessonDealing with Ethical Issues
Learn how psychologists address ethical issues in research to protect participant welfare.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Ethics
Review ethical principles in psychology research and practice applying them to real scenarios.
Start LessonData Handling (12 lessons)
Explore data handling in Psychology.
Quantitative vs Qualitative Data
Learn to distinguish between quantitative and qualitative data collection methods in psychological research.
Start LessonPrimary vs Secondary Data
Learn to distinguish between primary and secondary data sources in psychological research.
Start LessonComputation and Standard Form
Master data computation, standard form and statistical analysis for psychological research
Start LessonRatios, Fractions and Percentages
Learn to use ratios, fractions and percentages to analyse and interpret psychological data.
Start LessonDescriptive Statistics
Learn how to calculate, interpret and present data using descriptive statistical methods in psychology.
Start LessonMean, Median and Mode
Learn to calculate and apply mean, median and mode in psychological research data analysis.
Start LessonRange as Measure of Dispersion
Learn how to calculate and interpret range as a measure of data spread in psychology research.
Start LessonFrequency Tables and Diagrams
Learn to create and interpret frequency tables and diagrams for psychological data analysis.
Start LessonBar Charts and Histograms
Learn to create and interpret bar charts and histograms for effective psychological data analysis.
Start LessonScatter Diagrams for Correlation
Learn to create and interpret scatter diagrams to identify relationships between psychological variables.
Start LessonNormal Distributions
Learn how normal distributions help psychologists interpret data patterns and make predictions about behaviour.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Data Handling
Master essential data handling skills for analysing and presenting psychological research findings effectively.
Start LessonTheme 5: Social Context and Behaviour - Social Influence
Conformity (10 lessons)
Explore conformity in Psychology.
What is Conformity?
Understand how and why people change their behaviour to match others in social situations.
Start LessonSocial Factors in Conformity
Explore how group size, unanimity and social status influence our conformity behaviours.
Start LessonGroup Size Effects
Explore how the number of people in a group affects conformity levels and social influence.
Start LessonAnonymity Effects
Explore how anonymity influences conformity behaviour and social identity in groups.
Start LessonTask Difficulty Effects
Learn how task difficulty increases conformity through uncertainty and informational social influence.
Start LessonDispositional Factors in Conformity
Explore how personality traits and individual differences affect conformity behaviour in social situations.
Start LessonPersonality and Conformity
Explore how personality traits influence conformity levels and social influence susceptibility.
Start LessonExpertise and Conformity
Explore how expert status influences conformity and social behaviour in different contexts.
Start LessonAsch Study of Conformity
Explore Asch's famous line experiment and why people conform to incorrect group judgments.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Conformity
Review key theories and practice applying knowledge about conformity in social psychology.
Start LessonObedience (9 lessons)
Explore obedience in Psychology.
What is Obedience?
Explore the psychology of obedience, why people follow authority and Milgram's famous experiments.
Start LessonMilgram Agency Theory
Explore Milgram's Agency Theory explaining why people obey authority figures in extreme situations.
Start LessonAgency in Obedience
Explore how people shift responsibility to authority figures when following harmful orders.
Start LessonAuthority and Obedience
Explore why people obey authority figures and the psychological factors influencing obedient behaviour.
Start LessonCulture and Obedience
Explore how cultural factors influence obedience levels across different societies worldwide.
Start LessonProximity and Obedience
Explore how physical distance affects obedience levels in social psychology experiments and real life.
Start LessonDispositional Factors in Obedience
Explore how personality traits and individual differences influence obedience to authority figures.
Start LessonAdorno Authoritarian Personality
Explore how Adorno's theory explains why some people blindly obey authority figures.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Obedience
Review key obedience studies and practice applying concepts to exam-style questions.
Start LessonProsocial Behaviour (9 lessons)
Explore prosocial behaviour in Psychology.
Bystander Behaviour Introduction
Explore why people do or don't help in emergencies and the psychology of bystander behaviour.
Start LessonSocial Factors in Helping
Explore how social factors influence whether people help others in emergency situations.
Start LessonPresence of Others
Explore how others' presence affects our performance and helping behaviour in emergencies.
Start LessonCost of Helping
Explore how time, risk and effort costs influence our decisions to help others.
Start LessonDispositional Factors in Helping
Explore how personality traits, gender and empathy influence our willingness to help others.
Start LessonSimilarity to Victim
Explore how perceived similarity to victims influences our willingness to help others in need.
Start LessonExpertise and Helping
Explore how specialized knowledge affects helping behaviour in emergency situations.
Start LessonPiliavin Subway Study
Explore Piliavin's subway field experiment investigating factors affecting emergency helping behaviour.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Prosocial Behaviour
Review prosocial behaviour theories and practice applying concepts to real-world scenarios.
Start LessonCrowd and Collective Behaviour (8 lessons)
Explore crowd and collective behaviour in Psychology.
Prosocial Behaviour in Crowds
Explore how crowds display helping behaviours and the psychological factors behind collective prosocial actions.
Start LessonAntisocial Behaviour in Crowds
Explore why crowds sometimes behave antisocially and the psychology behind collective violence.
Start LessonSocial Loafing
Explore why people work less hard in groups and how to prevent this social phenomenon.
Start LessonDeindividuation
Explore how people lose individual identity in groups and how this affects behaviour.
Start LessonCulture and Collective Behaviour
Explore how cultural values and norms shape collective behaviour and crowd psychology.
Start LessonPersonality and Collective Behaviour
Explore how individual personality traits influence behaviour in crowds and collective situations.
Start LessonMorality and Collective Behaviour
Explore how group settings transform moral judgments and influence collective ethical behaviour.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Collective Behaviour
Review collective behaviour theories and apply them to real-world crowd situations.
Start LessonTheme 6: Social Context and Behaviour - Language, Thought and Communication
Language and Thought Relationship (7 lessons)
Explore language and thought relationship in Psychology.
Piaget Theory - Language Depends on Thought
Explore how Piaget's theory explains cognitive development as a prerequisite for language acquisition.
Start LessonSapir-Whorf Hypothesis
Explore how language may shape our thoughts and perceptions according to the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis.
Start LessonThinking Depends on Language
Explore how language shapes our thoughts, perceptions and understanding of the world around us.
Start LessonCultural Variations in Recall
Explore how language and culture shape memory processes and recall patterns across different societies.
Start LessonRecognition of Colours
Explore how language shapes our ability to perceive and categorise different colours across cultures.
Start LessonNative American Culture Examples
Explore how Native American languages shape thought patterns and cultural worldviews.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Language and Thought
Explore how language shapes thought and review key theories and evidence in psycholinguistics.
Start LessonHuman vs Animal Communication (10 lessons)
Explore human vs animal communication in Psychology.
Functions of Animal Communication
Explore how and why animals communicate for survival, reproduction and social organisation.
Start LessonSurvival Communication
Explore how humans and animals communicate vital information for survival and safety.
Start LessonReproduction Communication
Explore how humans and animals communicate for mating and reproduction purposes.
Start LessonTerritory Communication
Explore how humans and animals communicate to establish and defend territorial boundaries.
Start LessonFood Communication
Explore how humans and animals communicate about food sources, methods and evolutionary advantages.
Start LessonVon Frisch Bee Study
Explore how bees communicate through the waggle dance in von Frisch's groundbreaking study.
Start LessonHuman Communication Properties
Explore the unique properties that make human language different from animal communication systems.
Start LessonPlanning Future Events
Explore how humans and animals communicate about and plan for future events and needs.
Start LessonDiscussing Abstract Concepts
Explore how humans uniquely communicate abstract ideas compared to limitations in animal communication.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Communication Differences
Compare human and animal communication systems and understand their key differences.
Start LessonNon-verbal Communication (14 lessons)
Explore non-verbal communication in Psychology.
Definitions of Non-verbal Communication
Explore how we communicate without words through body language, gestures and expressions.
Start LessonFunctions of Eye Contact
Explore how eye contact regulates interactions, expresses emotions and signals social relationships.
Start LessonRegulating Conversation Flow
Learn how non-verbal signals coordinate turn-taking and manage conversation rhythm and flow.
Start LessonSignalling Attraction
Discover how humans use non-verbal cues to signal romantic and social attraction.
Start LessonExpressing Emotion
Explore how emotions are expressed non-verbally through universal facial expressions and body language.
Start LessonBody Language
Explore how body language conveys emotions and affects social interactions across cultures.
Start LessonOpen and Closed Posture
Explore how body posture communicates feelings and attitudes in non-verbal interactions.
Start LessonPostural Echo
Explore how unconscious posture mirroring reveals social connections and rapport between people.
Start LessonTouch Communication
Explore how physical contact conveys messages and affects our psychological wellbeing.
Start LessonPersonal Space
Explore how we establish and maintain personal boundaries through spatial communication.
Start LessonCultural Differences in Space
Explore how different cultures perceive and use personal space in communication.
Start LessonStatus and Personal Space
Explore how status and personal space influence non-verbal communication in social interactions.
Start LessonGender Differences in Space
Explore how males and females differ in personal space usage and territorial behaviours.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Non-verbal Communication
Review key aspects of non-verbal communication and practice applying your knowledge.
Start LessonExplanations of Non-verbal Behaviour (8 lessons)
Explore explanations of non-verbal behaviour in Psychology.
Darwin Evolutionary Theory
Explore how Darwin's evolutionary theory explains the origins and functions of non-verbal behaviours in humans.
Start LessonNon-verbal Behaviour as Adaptive
Explore how non-verbal behaviours evolved as adaptive mechanisms for human survival and communication.
Start LessonEvidence for Innate Behaviour
Explore evidence supporting the theory that some non-verbal behaviours are innate rather than learned.
Start LessonBehaviour in Neonates
Explore innate behaviours in newborns including reflexes, facial preferences and attachment mechanisms.
Start LessonBehaviour in Sensory Deprived
Explore how humans react psychologically when deprived of normal sensory inputs and stimulation.
Start LessonEvidence for Learned Behaviour
Explore how non-verbal behaviours develop through observation, imitation and cultural learning.
Start LessonYuki Study of Emoticons
Explore how different cultures interpret facial expressions through Yuki's emoticon research.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Non-verbal Explanations
Review and evaluate evolutionary and cultural explanations of non-verbal communication behaviours.
Start LessonTheme 7: Social Context and Behaviour - Brain and Neuropsychology
Nervous System Structure and Function (5 lessons)
Explore nervous system structure and function in Psychology.
Central and Peripheral Nervous System
Explore the structure and function of the central and peripheral nervous systems in humans.
Start LessonSomatic and Autonomic Systems
Explore how the somatic and autonomic nervous systems control voluntary and involuntary bodily functions.
Start LessonFight or Flight Response
Explore how the nervous system triggers physical and psychological changes during danger responses.
Start LessonJames-Lange Theory of Emotion
Explore how the James-Lange Theory explains emotions as responses to bodily changes.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Nervous System
Review and practice key concepts about the structure and function of the nervous system.
Start LessonNeuron Structure and Function (10 lessons)
Explore neuron structure and function in Psychology.
Sensory Neurons
Explore the structure and function of sensory neurons in transmitting environmental information to the CNS.
Start LessonRelay Neurons
Learn how relay neurons transmit signals between sensory and motor neurons in the nervous system.
Start LessonMotor Neurons
Explore how motor neurons transmit signals from the brain to muscles for movement
Start LessonSynaptic Transmission
Explore how neurons communicate through chemical messengers across the synaptic gap
Start LessonNeurotransmitter Release
Explore how neurons communicate through chemical messengers at the synaptic junction.
Start LessonNeurotransmitter Reuptake
Explore how neurons recycle chemical messengers and regulate brain communication through reuptake
Start LessonExcitation and Inhibition
Explore how neurons communicate through excitatory and inhibitory signals in the nervous system.
Start LessonHebb Theory of Learning
Explore how neurons form stronger connections when activated together, creating the basis for learning and memory.
Start LessonNeuronal Growth
Explore how neurons develop, form connections and adapt through neuroplasticity throughout life.
Start LessonReview and Practice - Neurons
Explore neuron structure, function and communication in the nervous system.
Start LessonBrain Structure and Function (8 lessons)
Explore brain structure and function in Psychology.
Frontal Lobe
Explore the frontal lobe's structure, functions and impact on behaviour and personality.
Start LessonTemporal Lobe
Explore the temporal lobe's structure and its role in hearing, memory and emotions.
Start LessonParietal Lobe
Explore the parietal lobe's structure, sensory processing functions and role in spatial awareness.
Start LessonOccipital Lobe
Explore the occipital lobe's structure, function and role in visual processing and perception.
Start LessonCerebellum
Explore the cerebellum's structure and its crucial role in coordinating movement and balance.
Start LessonLocalisation of Function
Explore how different brain regions control specific mental functions and behaviours.
Start LessonMotor and Sensory Areas
Explore how the brain's motor and sensory areas control movement and process sensations.
Start LessonPenfield Study of Interpretive Cortex
Explore Penfield's groundbreaking study mapping brain functions through conscious patient surgery.
Start Lesson