Cambridge IGCSE Environmental Management
View Course TimetableTheme 1: Rocks and Minerals and Their Exploitation
Formation of Rocks (4 lessons)
Explore formation of rocks in Environmental Management.
The Rock Cycle
Explore how rocks transform between igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic types through the rock cycle.
Start LessonIgneous Rocks Formation and Characteristics
Explore how magma transforms into igneous rocks and their distinctive characteristics through cooling processes.
Start LessonSedimentary Rocks Formation and Characteristics
Explore the formation processes and key characteristics of sedimentary rocks in Earth's crust.
Start LessonMetamorphic Rocks Formation and Characteristics
Explore how heat and pressure transform rocks into metamorphic varieties with distinctive properties.
Start LessonExtraction of Rocks and Minerals (4 lessons)
Explore extraction of rocks and minerals in Environmental Management.
Surface Mining Techniques
Explore surface mining techniques and their environmental impacts in mineral extraction.
Start LessonSubsurface Mining Techniques
Explore different subsurface mining methods and their environmental impacts in mineral extraction.
Start LessonFactors Affecting Extraction Decisions I
Explore how geological, economic, environmental and technological factors influence mining decisions.
Start LessonFactors Affecting Extraction Decisions II
Explore economic, environmental and social factors that influence mineral extraction decisions.
Start LessonImpact of Rock and Mineral Extraction (4 lessons)
Explore impact of rock and mineral extraction in Environmental Management.
Environmental Impacts of Extraction
Explore the environmental consequences of mining and quarrying on landscapes, water and communities.
Start LessonEconomic Impacts of Extraction
Explore how mineral extraction creates jobs, revenue and development alongside economic challenges.
Start LessonSocial Impacts of Extraction
Explore how mining affects communities through employment, health, culture and social change.
Start LessonCase Study: Local Mine Development and Impacts
Explore how local mining operations impact environments, economies and communities through detailed case studies.
Start LessonManaging the Impact of Rock and Mineral Extraction (4 lessons)
Explore managing the impact of rock and mineral extraction in Environmental Management.
Safe Disposal of Mining Waste
Learn how mining waste is safely managed to protect communities and the environment.
Start LessonLand Restoration Techniques
Learn techniques to restore and repurpose land after mining and quarrying operations
Start LessonCreating Lakes and Nature Reserves
Learn how former quarries and mines can be transformed into thriving lakes and nature reserves.
Start LessonLandfill Management
Learn how landfills are designed, managed and restored to minimise environmental impacts.
Start LessonSustainable Use of Rocks and Minerals (5 lessons)
Explore sustainable use of rocks and minerals in Environmental Management.
Defining Sustainable Resources and Development
Learn how to define and manage sustainable mineral resources for present and future generations.
Start LessonImproving Extraction Efficiency
Learn how modern technologies and methods improve mineral extraction while reducing environmental impacts.
Start LessonImproving Resource Use Efficiency
Learn strategies to maximise efficiency in rock and mineral resource use through recycling and alternatives.
Start LessonRecycling Rocks and Minerals
Discover how recycling rocks and minerals reduces environmental impact and conserves valuable resources.
Start LessonMining Legislation and Regulations
Learn about mining laws and regulations that protect environments and communities worldwide.
Start LessonTheme 2: Energy and the Environment
Fossil Fuel Formation (3 lessons)
Explore fossil fuel formation in Environmental Management.
Formation of Coal
Explore how ancient plant material transforms into coal through geological processes over millions of years.
Start LessonFormation of Oil and Gas
Explore how ancient marine organisms transform into oil and gas over millions of years.
Start LessonGlobal Distribution of Fossil Fuels
Explore the formation and global distribution patterns of coal, oil and natural gas resources.
Start LessonEnergy Resources and Electricity Generation (12 lessons)
Explore energy resources and electricity generation in Environmental Management.
Non-renewable vs Renewable Resources
Learn how renewable and non-renewable energy resources differ and their impacts on electricity generation.
Start LessonFossil Fuels for Electricity Generation
Learn how fossil fuels are used to generate electricity and their environmental impacts.
Start LessonNuclear Power Generation
Explore nuclear fission, power generation methods, benefits, risks and environmental impacts.
Start LessonBiofuels for Energy
Explore biofuels as renewable energy sources, their production methods and environmental impacts.
Start LessonGeothermal Power Generation
Explore geothermal power generation, its processes, environmental impacts and global distribution.
Start LessonHydro-electric Power Generation
Learn how hydroelectric power works, its impacts and its role in renewable energy generation.
Start LessonTidal and Wave Power Generation
Explore tidal and wave power systems and their role in renewable electricity generation.
Start LessonSolar Power Generation
Explore solar power generation technologies, applications, impacts and future developments in renewable energy.
Start LessonWind Power Generation
Explore wind power generation principles, turbine types and environmental impacts as a renewable energy source.
Start LessonEnvironmental Advantages and Disadvantages of Energy Resources
Explore environmental pros and cons of different energy resources for electricity generation.
Start LessonEconomic Advantages and Disadvantages of Energy Resources
Learn how different energy sources impact economies through costs, jobs and investment patterns.
Start LessonSocial Advantages and Disadvantages of Energy Resources
Explore how energy resources impact communities, create jobs, affect health and influence quality of life.
Start LessonEnergy Demand (5 lessons)
Explore energy demand in Environmental Management.
Domestic Energy Demand
Explore how households consume energy and strategies to improve domestic energy efficiency.
Start LessonIndustrial Energy Demand
Explore industrial energy consumption patterns, impacts and efficiency strategies for sustainable production.
Start LessonTransport Energy Demand
Explore transport energy consumption patterns and strategies to reduce demand in different systems.
Start LessonWealth and Energy Consumption
Explore how wealth influences energy consumption patterns across different countries and economies.
Start LessonClimate and Energy Demand
Explore how climate patterns influence global energy consumption and future demand trends.
Start LessonConservation and Management of Energy Resources (6 lessons)
Explore conservation and management of energy resources in Environmental Management.
Reducing Energy Consumption
Learn strategies to reduce energy consumption in buildings, transport and industry for sustainability.
Start LessonEnergy from Waste Products
Learn how various waste materials can be converted into renewable energy through different technologies.
Start LessonExploiting Existing Energy Sources
Learn how fossil fuels and nuclear energy are extracted and their environmental impacts.
Start LessonEnergy Conservation Education
Learn effective strategies for teaching energy conservation to create lasting behaviour change.
Start LessonTransport Policies for Energy Conservation
Explore transport policies that reduce energy use and promote sustainable mobility systems.
Start LessonFracking: Processes and Impacts
Learn about hydraulic fracturing processes and their environmental, social and economic impacts.
Start LessonImpact of Oil Pollution (4 lessons)
Explore impact of oil pollution in Environmental Management.
Causes of Oil Pollution: Offshore Extraction
Learn about the causes and impacts of oil pollution from offshore drilling operations.
Start LessonCauses of Oil Pollution: Pipelines and Shipping
Explore how pipelines and shipping cause oil pollution and their devastating environmental impacts.
Start LessonImpact on Marine Ecosystems
Explore how oil spills devastate marine life and disrupt ocean ecosystems over time.
Start LessonImpact on Coastal Ecosystems
Explore how oil pollution damages coastal ecosystems and affects marine life and communities.
Start LessonManagement of Oil Pollution (4 lessons)
Explore management of oil pollution in Environmental Management.
MARPOL Convention
Learn how the MARPOL Convention prevents and manages oil pollution from ships globally.
Start LessonDouble-hulled Oil Tankers
Explore how double-hulled oil tankers prevent marine pollution and protect ocean ecosystems.
Start LessonOil Spill Management Techniques
Learn techniques to contain, remove and treat oil spills in marine environments.
Start LessonCase Study: Oil Pollution Event
Explore major oil spill causes, impacts, clean-up methods and the Deepwater Horizon disaster case study.
Start LessonTheme 3: Agriculture and the Environment
Soil Composition (3 lessons)
Explore soil composition in Environmental Management.
Mineral Particles in Soil
Explore the types, properties and importance of mineral particles in soil composition.
Start LessonOrganic Content in Soil
Explore the vital role of organic matter in soil fertility, structure and environmental health.
Start LessonSoil Particle Sizes and Soil Types
Explore soil particle sizes and how they determine soil types, properties and agricultural use.
Start LessonSoils for Plant Growth (6 lessons)
Explore soils for plant growth in Environmental Management.
Mineral Ions for Plant Growth
Learn how plants absorb and use essential mineral ions for healthy growth and development.
Start LessonRole of Organic Content in Soil
Explore how organic matter transforms soil properties and supports healthy plant growth.
Start LessonSoil pH and Plant Growth
Understand how soil pH affects nutrient availability and plant growth in different environments.
Start LessonAir and Water in Soil
Explore how air and water in soil interact to support healthy plant growth and development.
Start LessonDrainage and Cultivation Properties
Explore how soil drainage and cultivation properties affect plant growth and agricultural productivity.
Start LessonSandy vs Clay Soils
Explore the properties of sandy and clay soils and how they affect plant growth and agriculture.
Start LessonAgriculture Types (3 lessons)
Explore agriculture types in Environmental Management.
Arable, Pastoral and Mixed Farming
Explore arable, pastoral and mixed farming systems and their environmental impacts worldwide.
Start LessonSubsistence vs Commercial Agriculture
Compare subsistence and commercial farming systems and their environmental impacts worldwide.
Start LessonAgricultural Systems Around the World
Explore diverse agricultural systems worldwide and their environmental impacts and sustainability challenges.
Start LessonIncreasing Agricultural Yields (9 lessons)
Explore increasing agricultural yields in Environmental Management.
Crop Rotation Methods
Learn how crop rotation methods can sustainably increase agricultural yields and soil health.
Start LessonFertilisers and Their Applications
Learn how different fertilisers boost crop yields and their environmental impacts when applied to farmland.
Start LessonIrrigation Techniques
Learn about irrigation techniques that boost crop yields while managing water resources efficiently.
Start LessonPest Control Methods
Learn effective and sustainable pest control methods to increase agricultural yields safely.
Start LessonWeed and Fungi Control
Learn effective methods to control weeds and fungi to boost crop yields sustainably.
Start LessonAgricultural Mechanisation
Explore how machinery and technology transform farming to increase yields and efficiency.
Start LessonSelective Breeding in Agriculture
Learn how selective breeding improves crops and livestock to increase agricultural yields sustainably.
Start LessonGenetically Modified Organisms in Agriculture
Explore how GMOs can increase crop yields while examining benefits, risks and global impacts.
Start LessonControlled Environment Agriculture
Explore how controlled environment agriculture technologies optimise crop yields through precise environmental management
Start LessonImpact of Agriculture (8 lessons)
Explore impact of agriculture in Environmental Management.
Overuse of Insecticides and Herbicides
Explore the environmental consequences of excessive agricultural chemical use and sustainable alternatives.
Start LessonOveruse of Fertilisers
Learn how excessive fertiliser use harms water, soil and air quality in agricultural systems.
Start LessonIrrigation Mismanagement: Salinisation
Learn how poor irrigation practices cause soil salinisation and its environmental impacts on agriculture.
Start LessonIrrigation Mismanagement: Waterlogging
Explore how poor irrigation management causes waterlogging and its environmental impacts on agriculture.
Start LessonOverproduction and Waste in Agriculture
Explore the causes and impacts of surplus food production and agricultural waste management.
Start LessonExhaustion of Mineral Ion Content
Learn how agricultural practices deplete soil nutrients and strategies to maintain soil fertility.
Start LessonSoil Erosion in Agriculture
Explore causes, impacts and solutions to soil erosion in agricultural landscapes worldwide.
Start LessonCash Crops vs Food Crops
Explore the environmental and social impacts of cash crops versus food crops in global agriculture.
Start LessonCauses and Impacts of Soil Erosion (7 lessons)
Explore causes and impacts of soil erosion in Environmental Management.
Natural Vegetation Removal
Explore how removing natural vegetation accelerates soil erosion and impacts land stability.
Start LessonWater and Wind Erosion
Explore how water and wind cause soil erosion and their environmental and social impacts.
Start LessonHabitat Loss from Soil Erosion
Explore how soil erosion destroys habitats and threatens global biodiversity.
Start LessonDesertification Processes
Explore the causes, processes and impacts of desertification on environments and human communities.
Start LessonRiver Silting from Soil Erosion
Explore how soil erosion causes river silting and its environmental and economic impacts.
Start LessonHuman Displacement from Soil Erosion
Explore how soil erosion forces communities to relocate and its devastating social impacts.
Start LessonMalnutrition and Famine Related to Soil Erosion
Explore how soil erosion leads to reduced crop yields, malnutrition and famine in vulnerable regions.
Start LessonManaging Soil Erosion (7 lessons)
Explore managing soil erosion in Environmental Management.
Terracing Techniques
Learn how terracing techniques prevent soil erosion and create sustainable agricultural landscapes worldwide.
Start LessonContour Ploughing Methods
Learn how contour ploughing prevents soil erosion by following landscape contours on farmland.
Start LessonBunds and Wind Breaks
Learn how bunds and windbreaks effectively prevent soil erosion in different landscapes and climates.
Start LessonMaintaining Vegetation Cover
Learn how to prevent soil erosion through effective vegetation cover management techniques and strategies.
Start LessonImproving Soil Structure with Organic Matter
Learn how organic matter improves soil structure to prevent erosion and enhance soil health.
Start LessonTree Planting and Mixed Cropping
Learn how tree planting and mixed cropping strategies effectively combat soil erosion in sustainable agriculture.
Start LessonIntercropping and Crop Rotation for Soil Conservation
Learn how intercropping and crop rotation methods effectively prevent soil erosion and improve land productivity.
Start LessonSustainable Agriculture (8 lessons)
Explore sustainable agriculture in Environmental Management.
Organic Fertilisers: Crop Residue and Manure
Learn how crop residues and animal manure can build soil health and support sustainable farming practices.
Start LessonManaged Grazing and Livestock Rotation
Learn how managed grazing and livestock rotation create sustainable farming systems that benefit soil and biodiversity.
Start LessonCrop Rotation for Sustainability
Learn how crop rotation creates sustainable farming systems by improving soil health and reducing pests.
Start LessonPest-resistant Crop Varieties
Learn how pest-resistant crop varieties reduce chemical use and increase sustainable food production.
Start LessonDrought-resistant Crop Varieties
Learn how drought-resistant crop varieties help farmers produce food with less water in changing climates.
Start LessonTrickle Drip Irrigation
Learn how trickle drip irrigation systems conserve water and enhance sustainable farming practices.
Start LessonRainwater Harvesting for Agriculture
Learn how to capture, store and use rainwater effectively for sustainable farming practices.
Start LessonCase Study: Agriculture with Environmental Consequences
Examine case studies of agricultural practices that cause environmental damage and potential solutions.
Start LessonTheme 4: Water and Its Management
Global Water Distribution (3 lessons)
Explore global water distribution in Environmental Management.
Distribution of Earths Water: Oceans
Explore how oceans dominate Earth's water distribution and their vital global importance.
Start LessonDistribution of Earths Fresh Water
Explore the global distribution of freshwater and its importance for human survival and ecosystems.
Start LessonGlobal Water Resources Map
Explore how water resources are distributed globally through detailed map analysis and interpretation.
Start LessonThe Water Cycle (4 lessons)
Explore the water cycle in Environmental Management.
Precipitation and Interception
Explore how water returns to Earth through precipitation and is intercepted by vegetation.
Start LessonSurface Run-off and Infiltration
Explore how water moves across land surfaces and into soil through natural and human-influenced processes.
Start LessonThrough-flow and Ground Water Flow
Explore how water moves through soil and rock layers in the water cycle.
Start LessonTranspiration, Evaporation and Condensation
Explore the water cycle's key processes: transpiration, evaporation and condensation and their environmental impacts.
Start LessonWater Supply (4 lessons)
Explore water supply in Environmental Management.
Aquifers and Wells
Explore aquifers and wells as crucial groundwater resources for sustainable water supply.
Start LessonRivers as Water Sources
Explore how rivers function as vital freshwater sources and their sustainable management approaches.
Start LessonReservoirs as Water Sources
Explore how reservoirs store and supply water, their environmental impacts and sustainable management.
Start LessonDesalination Plants
Learn how desalination plants convert seawater to freshwater and their environmental impacts.
Start LessonWater Usage (4 lessons)
Explore water usage in Environmental Management.
Domestic Water Usage
Explore domestic water sources, usage patterns, conservation strategies and global inequalities in access.
Start LessonIndustrial Water Usage
Explore industrial water usage patterns, impacts and sustainable management approaches worldwide.
Start LessonAgricultural Water Usage
Explore how agriculture uses water globally and methods to improve efficiency and sustainability.
Start LessonWater Footprints
Explore how water footprints measure and track water usage in products, industries and daily life.
Start LessonWater Quality and Availability (4 lessons)
Explore water quality and availability in Environmental Management.
Water-rich vs Water-poor Regions
Explore global water inequality and management strategies in regions with varying water availability.
Start LessonPotential for Water Conflict
Explore how water scarcity leads to conflicts between regions and strategies for resolution.
Start LessonUrban Access to Safe Drinking Water
Learn how cities provide safe drinking water and the challenges of urban water access.
Start LessonRural Access to Safe Drinking Water
Explore challenges and solutions for providing safe drinking water to rural communities worldwide.
Start LessonMultipurpose Dam Projects (6 lessons)
Explore multipurpose dam projects in Environmental Management.
Dam Site Selection Criteria
Learn how to evaluate and select optimal dam sites using physical, environmental and social criteria.
Start LessonEnvironmental Impacts of Dams
Explore how dams impact physical environments, ecosystems and human communities upstream and downstream.
Start LessonEconomic Impacts of Dams
Explore the economic benefits and costs of dam projects and their impacts on development.
Start LessonSocial Impacts of Dams
Explore how dam projects transform communities through displacement, cultural impacts and livelihood changes.
Start LessonSustainability of Dam Projects
Explore how dam projects balance environmental, social and economic factors for long-term sustainability.
Start LessonCase Study: Multipurpose Dam Scheme
Explore the Three Gorges Dam case study and evaluate impacts of multipurpose dam schemes.
Start LessonWater Pollution and Its Sources (4 lessons)
Explore water pollution and its sources in Environmental Management.
Domestic Waste in Urban Areas
Learn how domestic waste in urban areas causes water pollution and management solutions.
Start LessonDomestic Waste in Rural Areas
Learn how domestic waste in rural areas affects water quality and sustainable management solutions.
Start LessonIndustrial Processes and Water Pollution
Explore how industrial manufacturing, mining and chemical processes contaminate water resources globally.
Start LessonAgricultural Practices and Water Pollution
Explore how farming practices contribute to water pollution and sustainable solutions to protect waterways.
Start LessonImpact of Water Pollution (6 lessons)
Explore impact of water pollution in Environmental Management.
Global Inequalities in Water Treatment
Explore global disparities in water treatment and their impacts on health and development.
Start LessonInfectious Bacterial Diseases from Water
Learn about waterborne bacterial diseases, their transmission, impacts and prevention strategies.
Start LessonIndustrial Toxins in Water Bodies
Explore how industrial toxins contaminate water bodies and their impacts on ecosystems and human health.
Start LessonBioaccumulation in Food Chains
Explore how toxic pollutants accumulate in aquatic organisms and magnify through food chains.
Start LessonAcid Rain Effects on Water Bodies
Explore how acid rain forms and damages lakes, rivers and aquatic life ecosystems.
Start LessonEutrophication Processes
Explore how excess nutrients trigger algal blooms and oxygen depletion in aquatic ecosystems.
Start LessonManaging Pollution of Fresh Water (4 lessons)
Explore managing pollution of fresh water in Environmental Management.
Improved Sanitation Systems
Learn how improved sanitation systems protect freshwater resources and human health worldwide.
Start LessonSewage Treatment Methods
Learn how sewage treatment works to protect freshwater and prevent water pollution.
Start LessonPollution Control Legislation
Learn how legislation protects freshwater from pollution through standards, enforcement and international cooperation.
Start LessonCase Study: Water Pollution Management
Learn how different regions manage water pollution through case studies and effective strategies.
Start LessonManaging Water-related Disease (7 lessons)
Explore managing water-related disease in Environmental Management.
The Malaria Parasite Life Cycle
Explore the complex life cycle of malaria parasites as they travel between mosquitoes and humans.
Start LessonAnti-malarial Drugs and Treatments
Learn about anti-malarial drugs, their types, uses and challenges in preventing and treating malaria.
Start LessonVector Control Strategies
Learn effective strategies to control disease vectors and prevent water-related illnesses.
Start LessonMalaria Eradication Programmes
Learn how malaria eradication programmes combine environmental, medical and social approaches to combat this deadly disease.
Start LessonCholera Prevention and Management
Learn how to prevent and manage cholera outbreaks through water safety and public health measures.
Start LessonSafe Drinking Water Supply Systems
Learn how safe drinking water systems protect communities from waterborne diseases.
Start LessonWater Purification Methods
Learn essential water purification methods to prevent disease and ensure safe drinking water.
Start LessonTheme 5: Oceans and Fisheries
Oceans as a Resource (6 lessons)
Explore oceans as a resource in Environmental Management.
Food Resources from Oceans
Explore how oceans provide food resources and the challenges of sustainable fisheries management.
Start LessonChemical and Building Materials from Oceans
Explore chemical extraction processes and building materials sourced from our oceans and their sustainable management.
Start LessonWave and Tidal Energy Potential
Explore wave and tidal energy technologies, their global potential and environmental impacts.
Start LessonTourism and Ocean Resources
Explore how oceans support tourism and the environmental challenges of balancing visitor enjoyment with conservation.
Start LessonTransport and Shipping
Explore how oceans support global shipping networks and the environmental challenges of maritime transport.
Start LessonOceans as Drinking Water Sources
Explore how oceans can be converted to drinking water through desalination technologies and processes.
Start LessonWorld Fisheries (6 lessons)
Explore world fisheries in Environmental Management.
Major Ocean Currents Distribution
Explore how major ocean currents create the world's most productive fishing grounds and fisheries.
Start LessonMarine Fish Population Distribution
Explore global marine fish distribution patterns and the factors that determine where fish populations thrive.
Start LessonContinental Shelves and Fish Populations
Explore how continental shelves support global fisheries and the challenges of sustainable management.
Start LessonCold and Warm Currents Effect on Fisheries
Explore how ocean currents create productive fishing grounds and shape global fishery distribution.
Start LessonEl Niño Southern Oscillation Phenomenon
Explore how El Niño affects ocean temperatures, marine ecosystems and global fishing industries.
Start LessonEffects of ENSO on South American Fisheries
Explore how El Niño and La Niña events impact South American fisheries and coastal economies.
Start LessonImpact of Exploitation of the Oceans (5 lessons)
Explore impact of exploitation of the oceans in Environmental Management.
Overfishing of Marine Species
Explore the causes, impacts and solutions to overfishing in our global marine ecosystems.
Start LessonEffects on Target Species
Explore how commercial fishing impacts marine species and threatens ocean biodiversity and food security.
Start LessonBycatch Issues and Impacts
Explore bycatch problems in fisheries and their impacts on marine ecosystems and biodiversity.
Start LessonMarine Species Farming
Explore marine farming methods, impacts and sustainable practices for aquaculture development.
Start LessonCase Study: Marine Fishery Resource Management
Explore sustainable management strategies for marine fisheries and real-world case studies of success and failure.
Start LessonManagement of the Harvesting of Marine Species (9 lessons)
Explore management of the harvesting of marine species in Environmental Management.
Net Types and Mesh Size Regulations
Learn about fishing net types and how mesh size regulations protect marine ecosystems and fish stocks.
Start LessonSpecies-specific Fishing Methods
Learn how different fishing methods target specific marine species and their environmental impacts.
Start LessonFishing Quotas and Enforcement
Learn how fishing quotas work and how they're enforced to protect marine resources
Start LessonClosed Seasons for Fisheries
Learn how closed fishing seasons protect marine species and ensure sustainable fisheries management.
Start LessonProtected Areas and Marine Reserves
Explore how marine protected areas and reserves safeguard ocean biodiversity and support sustainable fisheries.
Start LessonConservation Laws for Marine Species
Learn about international and national laws protecting marine species and sustainable harvesting practices.
Start LessonInternational Fishing Agreements
Explore how nations cooperate to manage shared fisheries and protect marine resources sustainably.
Start LessonMonitoring Fisheries Compliance
Learn how fishing activities are monitored and regulated to ensure sustainable marine harvesting.
Start LessonCase Study: Marine Species Farming
Learn how marine species farming provides sustainable seafood while managing environmental impacts.
Start LessonTheme 6: Managing Natural Hazards
Earthquakes and Volcanoes (6 lessons)
Explore earthquakes and volcanoes in Environmental Management.
Earths Structure: Crust, Mantle and Core
Explore Earth's layered structure and how it influences tectonic activity and natural hazards.
Start LessonGlobal Plate Distribution
Explore how tectonic plates are distributed globally and create earthquake and volcanic zones.
Start LessonPlate Movement Types
Explore the three main types of plate boundaries and their role in creating earthquakes and volcanoes.
Start LessonEarthquake and Volcano Distribution
Explore global patterns of earthquakes and volcanoes and how plate tectonics explains their distribution.
Start LessonCauses of Earthquakes and Volcanoes
Explore the Earth's structure, plate tectonics and how they cause earthquakes and volcanoes.
Start LessonMagnitude and the Richter Scale
Learn how earthquakes are measured using the Richter scale and other magnitude systems.
Start LessonTropical Cyclones (4 lessons)
Explore tropical cyclones in Environmental Management.
Global Distribution of Tropical Cyclones
Explore the global patterns of tropical cyclone formation and their regional distribution characteristics.
Start LessonCauses of Tropical Cyclones
Explore the essential conditions and processes that lead to the formation of tropical cyclones.
Start LessonOcean Temperature and Cyclone Formation
Discover how warm ocean temperatures fuel tropical cyclones and affect their formation and intensity.
Start LessonOcean Depth and Cyclone Formation
Explore how ocean depth and warm water layers influence tropical cyclone formation and intensity.
Start LessonFlooding (7 lessons)
Explore flooding in Environmental Management.
Heavy and Prolonged Rainfall Flooding
Explore the causes, impacts and management of flooding caused by heavy and prolonged rainfall.
Start LessonSnowmelt Flooding
Understand how snowmelt creates floods, their impacts and management strategies in a changing climate.
Start LessonLand Relief and Flooding
Explore how land shape and relief features influence flood patterns, risks and management.
Start LessonSoil Conditions and Flooding
Explore how soil properties affect water movement and contribute to flooding events and mitigation.
Start LessonHuman Activities and Flood Risk
Explore how human activities like urbanisation and deforestation increase flood risk worldwide.
Start LessonStorm Surges and Tsunamis
Explore the causes, impacts and management of storm surges and tsunamis as coastal flooding hazards.
Start LessonClimate Change and Sea Level Rise
Explore how climate change drives sea level rise and increases global flood risks in coastal regions.
Start LessonDrought (4 lessons)
Explore drought in Environmental Management.
Prolonged High Pressure Systems
Explore how persistent high pressure systems develop and cause drought conditions worldwide.
Start LessonEl Niño Effects on Drought
Explore how El Niño disrupts global rainfall patterns and triggers severe drought conditions worldwide.
Start LessonLa Niña Effects on Drought
Explore how La Niña climate patterns influence global drought conditions and regional water availability.
Start LessonClimate Change and Drought Patterns
Explore how climate change affects global drought patterns and regional water security.
Start LessonThe Impacts of Natural Hazards (9 lessons)
Explore the impacts of natural hazards in Environmental Management.
Tectonic Event Impacts on Buildings
Explore how earthquakes damage buildings and the techniques used to create resilient structures.
Start LessonSecondary Hazards from Tectonic Events
Explore how earthquakes and volcanoes trigger tsunamis, landslides, fires and other deadly secondary hazards.
Start LessonTectonic Event Human Impacts
Explore how earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and tsunamis impact human communities and infrastructure.
Start LessonTropical Cyclone Physical Impacts
Explore the devastating physical impacts of tropical cyclones on landscapes and infrastructure.
Start LessonTropical Cyclone Human Impacts
Explore how tropical cyclones devastate communities through immediate and long-term human impacts.
Start LessonFlooding Physical Impacts
Explore how flooding physically transforms landscapes through erosion, deposition and environmental change.
Start LessonFlooding Human Impacts
Explore how floods impact human communities through displacement, health risks and economic damage.
Start LessonDrought Effects on Ecosystems
Explore how drought disrupts ecosystems through impacts on plants, animals and ecological processes.
Start LessonDrought Human Impacts
Explore how droughts impact human communities through migration, health issues and economic losses.
Start LessonManaging the Impacts of Natural Hazards (13 lessons)
Explore managing the impacts of natural hazards in Environmental Management.
Tectonic Hazard Monitoring and Warning
Learn how scientists monitor and provide warnings for earthquakes, volcanoes and tsunamis.
Start LessonLand Use Zoning and Building Design
Learn how land use zoning and building design can reduce vulnerability to natural hazards.
Start LessonDisaster Preparation Plans
Learn how to create and implement effective disaster preparation plans to reduce natural hazard impacts.
Start LessonEvacuation and Rebuilding Strategies
Learn effective evacuation planning and rebuilding strategies to manage natural hazard impacts.
Start LessonTropical Cyclone Preparation
Learn effective strategies to prepare for and mitigate impacts of tropical cyclones on communities.
Start LessonTropical Cyclone Emergency Response
Learn how to prepare for, respond to and recover from tropical cyclones through effective emergency management.
Start LessonFlood Monitoring and Warning Systems
Learn how flood monitoring systems detect rising waters and warn communities before disaster strikes.
Start LessonFlood Management Techniques
Learn essential flood management techniques to reduce risks and protect communities from flooding hazards.
Start LessonDrought Monitoring Systems
Learn how drought monitoring systems detect, measure and provide early warnings for water shortages.
Start LessonEmergency Water Supplies and Conservation
Learn how to secure, purify and conserve water during natural disasters and emergencies.
Start LessonWater Supply Enhancement Strategies
Learn strategies to enhance water supply through dams, groundwater extraction and desalination techniques.
Start LessonCase Study: MEDC vs LEDC Tectonic Event Management
Compare earthquake management in MEDCs and LEDCs through detailed case studies and response strategies.
Start LessonCase Study: Tropical Storm/Flood/Drought Management
Learn how communities manage tropical storms, floods and droughts through case studies and strategies.
Start LessonOpportunities Presented by Natural Hazards (4 lessons)
Explore opportunities presented by natural hazards in Environmental Management.
Silt Deposition and Farming
Discover how flood-deposited silt creates fertile farmland and supports sustainable agriculture worldwide.
Start LessonVolcanic Soils for Agriculture
Discover how volcanic soils create agricultural paradises with rich nutrients and ideal growing conditions.
Start LessonMineral Extraction from Volcanic Areas
Discover how volcanic regions provide valuable mineral resources and extraction opportunities for modern industries.
Start LessonGeothermal Energy Resources
Explore how geothermal energy harnesses Earth's heat as a sustainable power resource.
Start LessonTheme 7: The Atmosphere and Human Activities
The Atmosphere (4 lessons)
Explore the atmosphere in Environmental Management.
Atmosphere Structure: Layers
Explore the structure, properties and functions of Earth's four main atmospheric layers.
Start LessonAtmosphere Composition: Gases
Explore the gases in Earth's atmosphere, their roles and how human activities affect them.
Start LessonThe Ozone Layer
Explore the ozone layer's structure, depletion causes, effects and international protection efforts.
Start LessonThe Natural Greenhouse Effect
Explore how greenhouse gases naturally trap heat to maintain Earth's life-supporting temperature.
Start LessonAtmospheric Pollution and Its Causes (4 lessons)
Explore atmospheric pollution and its causes in Environmental Management.
Smog Formation and Causes
Explore how smog forms through chemical reactions and the factors that worsen this hazardous air pollution.
Start LessonAcid Rain Formation and Causes
Explore the chemical processes and human activities that create acid rain in our atmosphere.
Start LessonOzone Layer Depletion Processes
Explore the chemical processes that damage the ozone layer and their global impacts.
Start LessonEnhanced Greenhouse Effect Causes
Explore human activities causing increased greenhouse gas emissions and global warming effects.
Start LessonImpact of Atmospheric Pollution (8 lessons)
Explore impact of atmospheric pollution in Environmental Management.
Health Effects of Smog
Explore how smog forms, its composition and its harmful effects on human health.
Start LessonAcid Rain Effects on Ecosystems
Explore how acid rain forms and damages aquatic ecosystems, forests and soil chemistry.
Start LessonAcid Rain Effects on Buildings
Explore how acid rain chemically damages buildings and monuments through corrosion and dissolution.
Start LessonOzone Depletion and UV Radiation
Explore ozone layer depletion causes, UV radiation impacts and international protection efforts.
Start LessonOzone Depletion Health Effects
Learn how ozone depletion increases UV radiation exposure and impacts human health and ecosystems.
Start LessonClimate Change: Ice Melt and Sea Level Rise
Explore how climate change drives ice melt and sea level rise, threatening coastal communities worldwide.
Start LessonClimate Change: Flooding and Land Loss
Explore how climate change increases flooding and causes land loss through sea level rise and extreme weather.
Start LessonClimate Change and Human Migration
Explore how climate change forces human migration and creates environmental refugees worldwide.
Start LessonManaging Atmospheric Pollution (12 lessons)
Explore managing atmospheric pollution in Environmental Management.
Carbon Footprint Reduction
Learn effective strategies to measure and reduce your carbon footprint to combat climate change.
Start LessonFossil Fuel Use Reduction
Learn strategies to reduce fossil fuel dependency and explore renewable energy alternatives.
Start LessonEnergy Efficiency Measures
Learn how energy efficiency measures can reduce atmospheric pollution and combat climate change.
Start LessonCarbon Capture and Storage
Explore carbon capture technologies that remove CO2 from emissions and store it underground.
Start LessonTransport Policies
Explore transport policies that reduce atmospheric pollution and improve urban air quality.
Start LessonInternational Environmental Agreements
Explore key international treaties that address atmospheric pollution and climate change globally.
Start LessonCFC Replacement Technologies
Learn about CFC alternatives that protect the ozone layer while meeting cooling and industrial needs.
Start LessonCatalytic Converters
Learn how catalytic converters reduce vehicle emissions and protect air quality through chemical reactions.
Start LessonFlue-gas Desulfurisation
Learn how flue-gas desulfurisation systems remove harmful sulfur dioxide from power plant emissions.
Start LessonEnvironmental Taxation
Explore how governments use taxation to reduce atmospheric pollution and promote cleaner practices.
Start LessonReforestation and Afforestation
Learn how reforestation and afforestation help combat atmospheric pollution and restore ecosystems.
Start LessonCase Study: Atmospheric Pollution Management
Explore successful strategies and case studies for managing urban atmospheric pollution worldwide.
Start LessonTheme 8: Human Population
Human Population Distribution and Density (2 lessons)
Explore human population distribution and density in Environmental Management.
Global Population Density Patterns
Explore global population distribution patterns and the factors that influence where people live.
Start LessonGlobal Population Distribution
Explore how 8 billion people are distributed globally and the factors influencing settlement patterns.
Start LessonChanges in Population Size (4 lessons)
Explore changes in population size in Environmental Management.
Population Growth Curves
Explore how populations grow over time using J-shaped and S-shaped growth curve models.
Start LessonBirth and Death Rates
Explore how birth and death rates influence population dynamics and demographic transitions globally.
Start LessonFactors Affecting Birth and Death Rates
Learn how social, economic and healthcare factors influence global birth and death rates.
Start LessonMigration Factors and Patterns
Explore how migration influences population dynamics through push-pull factors and global movement patterns.
Start LessonPopulation Structure (1 lessons)
Explore population structure in Environmental Management.
Population Pyramids in MEDCs and LEDCs
Explore population pyramid structures in MEDCs and LEDCs and their socioeconomic implications.
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