Cambridge IGCSE Geography
View Course TimetableTheme 1: Physical Geography
Changing River Environments (37 lessons)
Explore changing river environments in Geography.
River Characteristics and Drainage Basins
Explore river systems, drainage basins and the processes that shape our river landscapes.
Start LessonThe Long Profile and River Features
Explore how rivers change from source to mouth, creating distinctive landforms along their journey.
Start LessonWidth, Depth, Speed of Flow and Discharge
Explore how river width, depth, velocity and discharge change from source to mouth.
Start LessonWetted Perimeter, Channel, Watershed
Explore river systems through wetted perimeter, channel forms and watershed processes.
Start LessonTributary, Confluence, Source and Mouth
Learn about river features including source, tributary, confluence and mouth in changing environments.
Start LessonThe Bradshaw Model
Explore how river characteristics change predictably from source to mouth using the Bradshaw Model.
Start LessonDrainage Basin and Water Cycle Operations
Explore how water moves through drainage basins and the water cycle's role in river systems.
Start LessonPrecipitation and Interception
Explore how precipitation forms, falls and is intercepted by vegetation before reaching river systems.
Start LessonInfiltration and Percolation
Explore how water enters and moves through soil, affecting river discharge and the water cycle.
Start LessonOverland Flow and Channel Flow
Explore how water moves across land surfaces and through river channels, affecting river environments.
Start LessonThroughflow and Groundwater Flow
Explore how water moves underground through soil and rock layers to feed river systems.
Start LessonTranspiration, Evaporation, Evapotranspiration
Explore how water moves between land, plants and atmosphere in river environments through key processes.
Start LessonRiver Erosion - Hydraulic Action
Explore how hydraulic action erodes river channels and creates distinctive landforms through water pressure.
Start LessonRiver Erosion - Abrasion, Attrition, Solution
Explore how rivers shape landscapes through abrasion, attrition and solution erosion processes.
Start LessonRiver Transportation - Traction and Suspension
Learn how rivers transport materials through traction and suspension processes along their courses.
Start LessonRiver Transportation - Saltation and Solution
Explore how rivers transport materials through saltation and solution processes downstream.
Start LessonRiver Deposition Processes
Explore how rivers deposit material and create landforms like deltas, floodplains and levees.
Start LessonWaterfall Formation and Characteristics
Explore how waterfalls form through erosion processes and their distinctive physical characteristics in river systems.
Start LessonRapids and Gorge Formation
Explore how rivers create dramatic rapids and gorges through vertical erosion processes.
Start LessonV-shaped Valley Development
Explore how rivers carve V-shaped valleys through erosion processes and landscape evolution.
Start LessonMeander Formation and Features
Explore how river meanders form and the distinctive landforms they create through erosion and deposition.
Start LessonOxbow Lake Development
Explore how river meanders evolve into distinctive horseshoe-shaped oxbow lakes through erosion and deposition.
Start LessonLevee and Floodplain Formation
Explore how rivers create levees and floodplains through deposition and flooding processes.
Start LessonDelta Formation and Types
Explore how river deltas form and the different types found around the world.
Start LessonInterlocking Spurs and Potholes
Explore how rivers shape valleys through interlocking spurs and create potholes through erosion processes.
Start LessonOpportunities of Living Near Rivers
Explore the economic, social and environmental benefits that rivers provide to human settlements.
Start LessonHazards of Living Near Rivers
Explore the risks, impacts and management of river flooding in different global contexts.
Start LessonHuman and Natural Causes of River Flooding
Explore natural and human factors that cause river flooding and increase flood risk.
Start LessonImpacts of River Flooding
Explore the devastating social, economic and environmental impacts of river flooding across different regions.
Start LessonRiver Flooding Management Strategies
Learn strategies to manage river flooding, from hard engineering to sustainable approaches.
Start LessonSustainable River Flooding Techniques
Learn sustainable techniques to manage river flooding while protecting environments and communities.
Start LessonHuman Causes of River Pollution
Explore the human activities causing river pollution and their environmental impacts on water systems.
Start LessonImpacts of River Pollution
Explore the sources, impacts and management of river pollution on ecosystems and communities.
Start LessonRiver Pollution Management Strategies
Learn strategies to manage river pollution, from prevention to restoration and sustainable solutions.
Start LessonSustainable River Pollution Techniques
Learn sustainable techniques to manage and reduce river pollution while protecting aquatic ecosystems.
Start LessonCase Study - River Flooding Example
Examine the 2015 York floods case study, exploring causes, impacts and management of river flooding.
Start LessonCase Study - River Pollution Example
Examine the River Thames pollution case study and strategies for managing river contamination.
Start LessonChanging Coastal Environments (31 lessons)
Explore changing coastal environments in Geography.
Coastal Erosion Processes
Explore the four main coastal erosion processes and how they shape our coastlines.
Start LessonCoastal Transportation and Deposition
Explore how waves transport sediment along coastlines and create distinctive depositional landforms.
Start LessonLongshore Drift
Explore how waves transport beach material along coastlines through the longshore drift process.
Start LessonWave Types - Constructive and Destructive
Learn how constructive and destructive waves shape coastlines through different energy patterns and processes.
Start LessonWave Refraction
Understand how waves bend near coastlines and shape our beaches and headlands.
Start LessonHeadland and Bay Formation
Explore how wave action and rock type create the distinctive pattern of headlands and bays along coastlines.
Start LessonCliff and Wave-cut Platform Development
Explore how wave action creates cliffs and platforms through erosion processes and landform development.
Start LessonCave, Arch, Stack and Stump Formation
Learn how caves, arches, stacks and stumps form through coastal erosion processes and sequences.
Start LessonBeach Formation and Characteristics
Explore beach formation processes, sediment characteristics and seasonal profile changes in coastal environments.
Start LessonSpit and Bar Formation
Explore how spits and bars form along coastlines through longshore drift and deposition processes.
Start LessonSand Dune Development
Explore sand dune formation, succession stages and management of these dynamic coastal ecosystems.
Start LessonDiscordant and Concordant Coastlines
Explore how rock structure creates distinctive concordant and discordant coastal landscapes and landforms.
Start LessonOpportunities of Coastal Living
Explore the economic, social and environmental benefits that coastal locations offer to communities.
Start LessonHazards of Coastal Living
Explore the dangers of coastal living and how communities respond to these threats.
Start LessonHard Engineering Coastal Management
Explore hard engineering coastal defences and their impacts on environments and communities.
Start LessonSoft Engineering Coastal Management
Learn about sustainable coastal protection techniques that work with natural processes.
Start LessonSustainable Coastal Management
Learn how to manage coastlines sustainably using both hard and soft engineering approaches.
Start LessonTropical Storm Distribution and Impacts
Explore tropical storm formation, global distribution patterns and their devastating impacts on coastal environments.
Start LessonCyclone, Hurricane and Typhoon Impacts
Learn how tropical storms form, their devastating coastal impacts and management strategies.
Start LessonTropical Storm Management Strategies
Learn strategies to prepare for, protect against and recover from tropical storms in coastal areas.
Start LessonTropical Storm Preparation and Planning
Learn how communities prepare for and plan responses to devastating tropical storms and cyclones.
Start LessonTropical Storm Protection and Prediction
Learn how tropical storms are predicted and how coastal areas can be protected from their impacts.
Start LessonCoral Reef Global Distribution
Explore the global distribution patterns of coral reefs and factors affecting their locations worldwide.
Start LessonCoral Reef Importance
Explore the vital ecological, economic and cultural importance of coral reef ecosystems worldwide.
Start LessonThreats to Coral Reefs
Explore the major threats to coral reefs and strategies to protect these vital marine ecosystems.
Start LessonCoral Reef Protection Strategies
Explore strategies to protect coral reefs from human impacts and climate change threats.
Start LessonMangrove Distribution and Importance
Explore mangrove distribution patterns and their vital ecological, economic and protective coastal functions.
Start LessonMangrove Protection Strategies
Explore strategies to protect mangrove ecosystems and their role in coastal resilience
Start LessonSustainable Marine Environment Management
Explore sustainable approaches to managing marine environments and protecting coastal ecosystems.
Start LessonCase Study - Coastal Erosion Example
Explore the Holderness Coast case study to understand coastal erosion processes, impacts and management strategies.
Start LessonCase Study - Coral Reef Example
Explore coral reef ecosystems, threats and conservation using the Great Barrier Reef case study.
Start LessonChanging Ecosystems (20 lessons)
Explore changing ecosystems in Geography.
Antarctic Ecosystem Location
Explore Antarctica's location, physical features and how its position shapes its unique ecosystem.
Start LessonAntarctic Climate Characteristics
Explore Antarctica's extreme climate patterns and their global significance in Earth's ecosystem.
Start LessonAntarctic Ecosystem Features
Explore Antarctica's unique ecosystem, wildlife adaptations and environmental challenges.
Start LessonAntarctic Abiotic and Biotic Factors
Explore Antarctica's extreme environment and how organisms adapt to its unique abiotic and biotic factors.
Start LessonAntarctic Flora and Fauna Adaptations
Discover how Antarctic plants and animals survive extreme conditions through remarkable adaptations.
Start LessonThreats to Antarctica
Explore major threats to Antarctica's ecosystem and international conservation efforts.
Start LessonAntarctic Ecosystem Destruction Impacts
Explore the devastating impacts of human activity and climate change on Antarctica's fragile ecosystems.
Start LessonAntarctic Management Strategies
Explore international strategies protecting Antarctica's fragile ecosystems from human impacts and climate change.
Start LessonInternational Antarctic Agreements
Explore international agreements protecting Antarctica's unique ecosystems and regulating human activities.
Start LessonSustainable Antarctic Management
Explore Antarctica's unique ecosystem and the international efforts to manage it sustainably.
Start LessonTropical Rainforest Global Distribution
Explore the global location patterns of tropical rainforests and factors influencing their distribution.
Start LessonEquatorial Climate Characteristics
Explore the distinctive temperature and rainfall patterns of equatorial climate zones and their global distribution.
Start LessonTropical Rainforest Structure
Explore the distinct layers of tropical rainforests and their unique plant and animal adaptations.
Start LessonRainforest Abiotic and Biotic Factors
Explore the living and non-living components of rainforest ecosystems and their complex interactions.
Start LessonRainforest Flora and Fauna Adaptations
Explore how plants and animals have adapted to survive in the challenging rainforest environment.
Start LessonThreats to Tropical Rainforests
Explore the major threats to tropical rainforests and their environmental and social impacts.
Start LessonRainforest Destruction and Deforestation Impacts
Explore the causes and impacts of rainforest deforestation and sustainable management approaches.
Start LessonRainforest Management Strategies
Explore sustainable and commercial strategies for managing rainforests and balancing conservation with development.
Start LessonSustainable Rainforest Techniques
Learn sustainable techniques to manage rainforests while balancing conservation with economic development.
Start LessonCase Study - Rainforest Example
Explore the Amazon Rainforest ecosystem, its threats and sustainable management approaches.
Start LessonTectonic Hazards (17 lessons)
Explore tectonic hazards in Geography.
Earths Structure and Layers
Explore Earth's layers from crust to core and how tectonic plates interact.
Start LessonMain Tectonic Plates and Movement
Explore the Earth's major tectonic plates, their boundaries and how they move and interact.
Start LessonPlate Boundary Types
Explore the four types of plate boundaries and the landforms they create through tectonic processes.
Start LessonEarthquake and Volcano Distribution
Explore global earthquake and volcano patterns and their relationship to tectonic plate boundaries.
Start LessonPlate Boundary Processes
Explore plate boundaries, tectonic processes and the hazards they create around the world.
Start LessonEarthquake Characteristics
Explore earthquake formation, measurement scales and impacts through waves and case studies.
Start LessonVolcano Types and Classification
Explore volcano types, their formation processes and classification systems based on shape and eruption style.
Start LessonVolcanic Features
Explore volcanic landforms, eruption types and their impacts on landscapes and communities.
Start LessonVolcanic Hazards
Explore volcanic formation, eruption types, impacts and management strategies with global case studies.
Start LessonReasons for Living in Risk Areas
Explore why millions choose to live in tectonic hazard zones despite the dangers.
Start LessonEarthquake Impacts
Explore how earthquakes affect communities differently based on development levels and geography.
Start LessonVolcanic Eruption Impacts
Explore the devastating and beneficial impacts of volcanic eruptions on people and environments.
Start LessonMagnitude Measurement Scales
Learn how scientists measure earthquake and tsunami strength using different magnitude scales.
Start LessonPrimary and Secondary Responses
Learn how communities respond to tectonic hazards through immediate action and long-term recovery strategies.
Start LessonTectonic Hazard Management Strategies
Learn how communities predict, protect against and prepare for earthquakes, volcanoes and tsunamis.
Start LessonCase Study - Earthquake Example
Examine the 2010 Haiti earthquake as a case study of tectonic hazards and disaster response.
Start LessonCase Study - Volcanic Eruption Example
Examine the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption in Iceland and its widespread global impacts.
Start LessonClimate Change (8 lessons)
Explore climate change in Geography.
Evidence of Climate Change
Explore compelling scientific evidence showing our climate is changing at an unprecedented rate.
Start LessonNatural Climate Change Factors
Explore natural factors driving Earth's climate cycles and long-term temperature variations.
Start LessonHuman Influence on Climate
Explore how human activities contribute to climate change and their global impacts.
Start LessonEnhanced Greenhouse Effect
Understand how human activities enhance the greenhouse effect, causing global climate change.
Start LessonClimate Change Impacts
Explore the physical, ecological and human impacts of climate change across different regions.
Start LessonClimate Change Response Strategies
Learn about mitigation and adaptation strategies to address climate change at different scales.
Start LessonMitigation and Adaptation Strategies
Learn how societies reduce emissions and adapt to the unavoidable impacts of climate change.
Start LessonCase Study - Climate Change Example
Examine the Maldives as a case study of climate change impacts, adaptations and challenges.
Start LessonTheme 2: Human Geography
Changing Populations (12 lessons)
Explore changing populations in Geography.
Global Population Growth Patterns
Explore global population growth patterns, demographic transition and regional variations in population change.
Start LessonPopulation Growth and Decline Factors
Explore the factors driving population growth and decline across different regions of the world.
Start LessonPro-natalist and Anti-natalist Policies
Explore how countries manage population growth through pro-natalist and anti-natalist government policies.
Start LessonDemographic Transition Model
Understand how birth and death rates change as countries develop through the Demographic Transition Model.
Start LessonPopulation Structure Changes
Explore how population age structures change and impact societies across different countries.
Start LessonYouthful and Ageing Population Structures
Explore youthful and ageing population structures, their causes, impacts and management strategies worldwide.
Start LessonCase Study - Population Policy Example
Explore population policies with case studies from China and France to understand demographic management.
Start LessonMigration Types
Explore migration types, push-pull factors and impacts on source and destination areas.
Start LessonMigration Push and Pull Factors
Explore migration drivers through push and pull factors across economic, social, political and environmental contexts.
Start LessonMigration Impacts
Explore how migration creates social, economic and environmental impacts on source and host countries.
Start LessonMigration Management Strategies
Explore how countries develop and implement strategies to manage migration flows and their impacts.
Start LessonCase Study - International Migration Example
Explore Mexico-USA migration patterns, causes and impacts on both source and host countries.
Start LessonChanging Towns and Cities (7 lessons)
Explore changing towns and cities in Geography.
Global Urban Growth Variations
Explore global patterns of urban growth and how they vary between HICs, MICs and LICs.
Start LessonRapid Urban Growth in LICs
Explore causes and challenges of explosive urban growth in developing countries and their solutions.
Start LessonUrban Growth Opportunities
Explore the economic, social and environmental opportunities created by urban growth worldwide.
Start LessonUrban Growth Challenges
Explore the causes and challenges of rapid urban growth in developing countries and their solutions.
Start LessonUrban Sprawl Impacts
Explore the environmental, social and economic impacts of urban sprawl on cities and communities.
Start LessonUrban Growth Management
Learn strategies for managing urban growth and creating sustainable city development.
Start LessonCase Study - Urban Area Example
Explore Mumbai as a case study of urban growth challenges and sustainable development solutions.
Start LessonDevelopment (9 lessons)
Explore development in Geography.
Development Indicators
Explore how development indicators measure and compare global progress and inequality.
Start LessonIndicator Comparison and Evaluation
Learn to compare and evaluate different development indicators to assess countries' progress accurately.
Start LessonQuality of Life and Standard of Living
Explore the concepts of quality of life and standard of living as measures of global development.
Start LessonDevelopment Differences and Gap
Explore global development disparities, their causes and strategies to reduce inequality between nations.
Start LessonGlobal Development Patterns
Explore global development patterns, indicators and the factors that create worldwide inequality.
Start LessonSustainable Development
Explore sustainable development principles, strategies and global initiatives for balanced future growth.
Start LessonDevelopment Strategies
Explore top-down and bottom-up development strategies and their impacts on communities and environments.
Start LessonUneven Development Reduction
Explore strategies to reduce global development gaps through aid, trade and sustainable solutions.
Start LessonCase Study - Development Example
Explore Kenya as a development case study, examining challenges, strategies and progress.
Start LessonChanging Economies (13 lessons)
Explore changing economies in Geography.
Industry Classification
Explore how economic activities are classified into sectors and how they change as countries develop.
Start LessonEmployment Structure Changes
Explore how employment structures shift across economic sectors as countries develop.
Start LessonIndustry Location Factors
Explore key factors that influence where industries locate and why these change over time.
Start LessonGlobalisation Definition and Features
Explore the definition, drivers and impacts of globalisation in our interconnected world.
Start LessonGlobalisation Impacts
Explore how globalisation transforms economies, societies and environments across the world.
Start LessonTransnational Corporations
Explore how Transnational Corporations operate globally and impact economies worldwide.
Start LessonTNC Impacts Evaluation
Evaluate how TNCs impact host and origin countries through economic, social and environmental lenses.
Start LessonCase Study - Globalisation and TNC Example
Explore globalisation through Nike as a case study of how TNCs operate globally.
Start LessonTourism Industry Growth
Explore tourism's global growth, impacts and sustainable management approaches.
Start LessonButler Model
Explore how tourist destinations evolve through Butler's Tourism Area Life Cycle model.
Start LessonTourism Benefits and Problems
Explore tourism's economic, social and environmental impacts with sustainable management strategies.
Start LessonSustainable Tourism Management
Explore sustainable tourism strategies that balance economic benefits with environmental and cultural protection.
Start LessonCase Study - Tourism Example
Explore Jamaica's tourism industry as a case study of economic development and sustainability challenges.
Start LessonResource Provision (17 lessons)
Explore resource provision in Geography.
Farming Types and Systems
Explore different farming types and systems used globally to produce food and resources.
Start LessonGlobal Food Supply and Demand Patterns
Explore global food production patterns, food security challenges and sustainable solutions for future needs.
Start LessonFood Supply Globalisation
Explore how food production and distribution has become globalised and its impacts on people and environments.
Start LessonFood Supply Challenges
Explore global food security challenges and sustainable solutions for feeding our growing population.
Start LessonFood Insecurity Problems
Explore causes and impacts of global food insecurity and strategies to address these challenges.
Start LessonFood Supply Management Strategies
Explore strategies for managing food supply and achieving global food security through sustainable methods.
Start LessonFood Aid Evaluation
Evaluate food aid programmes and their impacts on recipient countries and food security.
Start LessonDesertification and Soil Erosion Management
Learn strategies to combat desertification and manage soil erosion in vulnerable environments worldwide.
Start LessonCase Study - Food Supply Example
Explore Kenya's food supply challenges and solutions as a case study of global food security issues.
Start LessonEnergy Types - Renewable and Non-renewable
Explore renewable and non-renewable energy types and their environmental and economic impacts.
Start LessonGlobal Energy Production and Consumption
Explore global energy production patterns, consumption trends and sustainable resource management strategies.
Start LessonEnergy Patterns and Security
Explore global energy patterns, security challenges and sustainable solutions for future energy needs.
Start LessonEnergy Use Variations
Explore global energy consumption patterns and factors driving variations between countries.
Start LessonEnergy Source Advantages and Disadvantages
Explore advantages and disadvantages of different energy sources and their environmental impacts.
Start LessonEnergy Supply Management
Explore sustainable energy management strategies and global supply patterns for future security.
Start LessonSustainable Energy Management
Explore sustainable energy management strategies and their environmental, economic and social impacts.
Start LessonCase Study - Energy Supply Example
Explore Germany's Energiewende as a case study of renewable energy transition and sustainable supply.
Start LessonTheme 3: Geographical Skills
Cartographic Skills (15 lessons)
Explore cartographic skills in Geography.
Map Construction and Interpretation
Learn to read, interpret and construct maps using scale, symbols and geographical data representation.
Start LessonDirection, Scale, Symbols and Keys
Learn to navigate maps using direction, scale, symbols and keys for geographical analysis.
Start LessonCo-ordinates and Grid References
Learn to pinpoint locations using latitude, longitude and grid references on maps.
Start LessonCompass Directions and Bearings
Learn to use compass directions and calculate bearings for accurate map navigation and fieldwork.
Start LessonDistance and Area Measurement
Learn to accurately measure distances and areas on maps using various cartographic techniques.
Start LessonGradient, Contour Lines and Heights
Master how to interpret land elevation through gradient calculations, contour lines and height measurements.
Start LessonCross-sections and Transects
Learn to create and interpret cross-sections and transects to visualise landscapes in 3D.
Start LessonAtlas and Base Maps
Learn to read and interpret atlas and base maps using grid references, scale and symbols.
Start LessonChoropleth and Distribution Maps
Learn to create and interpret choropleth and distribution maps to visualize geographical data patterns.
Start LessonFlow Line and Desire Line Maps
Learn to create and interpret flow line and desire line maps showing movement patterns and connections.
Start LessonIsoline Maps
Learn to read, interpret and create isoline maps showing equal values across landscapes.
Start LessonDifferent Scale Maps
Learn to interpret and use maps at different scales for geographical investigation and analysis.
Start LessonRoute and Sphere of Influence Maps
Learn to create and interpret route maps and sphere of influence maps for geographical analysis.
Start LessonSketch and Thematic Maps
Learn to create and interpret sketch maps and thematic maps for geographical analysis.
Start LessonTopographical Maps
Learn to interpret topographical maps, contours and calculate distances, gradients and areas.
Start LessonGraphical Skills (15 lessons)
Explore graphical skills in Geography.
Graph, Chart and Diagram Selection
Learn to select and use appropriate graphs, charts and diagrams for geographical data analysis.
Start LessonData Presentation Techniques
Learn essential graphical techniques to effectively present and interpret geographical data and statistics.
Start LessonInformation Interpretation and Analysis
Learn to interpret and analyse geographical data through graphs, charts and visual representations.
Start LessonPattern and Trend Identification
Learn to identify and interpret patterns and trends in geographical data and visualisations.
Start LessonBar Graphs - Horizontal, Vertical, Divided
Learn to create and interpret horizontal, vertical and divided bar graphs for geographical data analysis.
Start LessonClimate Graphs
Learn to read, interpret and construct climate graphs to analyse global weather patterns.
Start LessonCross-sections and Dispersion Graphs
Learn to create and interpret cross-sections and dispersion graphs for geographical analysis.
Start LessonDoughnut Graphs and Flow Diagrams
Learn to create and interpret doughnut graphs and flow diagrams for geographical data analysis.
Start LessonHistograms and Kite Graphs
Learn to create and interpret histograms and kite graphs for geographical data analysis.
Start LessonLine Graphs and Pictograms
Learn to create and interpret line graphs and pictograms for geographical data analysis.
Start LessonPie Charts and Population Pyramids
Learn to create and interpret pie charts and population pyramids for geographical data analysis.
Start LessonProportional Symbols and Radial Graphs
Learn to create and interpret proportional symbol maps and radial graphs for geographical data analysis.
Start LessonRose Charts and Scatter Graphs
Learn to create and interpret rose charts and scatter graphs for geographical data analysis.
Start LessonSystems Diagrams and Triangular Graphs
Learn to create and interpret systems diagrams and triangular graphs for geographical analysis.
Start LessonVenn Diagrams and Flood Hydrographs
Learn to interpret and create Venn diagrams and flood hydrographs for geographical analysis and water management.
Start LessonGIS and Image Skills (9 lessons)
Explore gis and image skills in Geography.
Visual Image Interpretation
Learn to interpret aerial photos and satellite imagery to identify geographical features and patterns.
Start LessonPhotograph Analysis - Aerial and Ground Level
Learn to analyze aerial and ground-level photographs to extract valuable geographical information and evidence.
Start LessonCartoon, Picture and Diagram Analysis
Learn to analyze cartoons, pictures and diagrams to extract key geographical information and insights.
Start LessonSatellite Image Analysis
Learn to interpret satellite images to analyse landscapes, environments and geographical changes over time.
Start LessonWritten Text Analysis and Bias Recognition
Learn to analyze geographical texts and identify bias to evaluate information critically.
Start LessonSource Improvement Suggestions
Learn to evaluate and suggest practical improvements for geographical data sources and images.
Start LessonStatistical Technique Limitations
Explore limitations of statistical techniques in GIS and their impact on geographical analysis.
Start LessonGIS Applications
Explore how GIS technology is applied across various fields to solve real-world problems.
Start LessonGIS Benefits and Limitations
Explore GIS technology's key benefits and limitations for geographical analysis and decision-making.
Start LessonMathematical Skills (16 lessons)
Explore mathematical skills in Geography.
Number Operations and Calculations
Master essential numerical skills for analysing geographical data and solving real-world problems.
Start LessonArea and Scale Calculations
Master area calculations and map scales to measure and interpret geographical features accurately.
Start LessonStandard Notation and Indices
Master standard form notation and indices to handle large geographical numbers effectively.
Start LessonSignificant Figures
Learn to use significant figures to express precision in geographical measurements and data.
Start LessonProportion, Ratio and Frequency
Learn to calculate and interpret proportions, ratios and frequency distributions in geographical data analysis.
Start LessonStatistical Measures - Mean, Mode, Median
Learn to calculate and apply mean, median and mode in geographical data analysis.
Start LessonRange, Decimals and Fractions
Master essential mathematical skills for geography: range, decimals and fractions with real-world applications.
Start LessonPercentage and Ratio Applications
Master percentage and ratio calculations to analyse population, climate and economic geographical data.
Start LessonData Collection Design
Learn to design effective data collection methods for geographical investigations and fieldwork.
Start LessonAccuracy, Sample Size and Reliability
Learn how to ensure accuracy, determine sample size and evaluate reliability in geographical research.
Start LessonData Table Operations
Master essential mathematical skills for analyzing and interpreting geographical data tables effectively.
Start LessonData Relationship Identification
Learn to identify, analyse and interpret relationships between geographical data sets.
Start LessonTrend Analysis and Best Fit Lines
Learn to analyse geographical data through trend analysis and best fit lines for accurate predictions.
Start LessonPrediction and Data Projection
Learn to predict population trends and project geographical data using mathematical techniques.
Start LessonStatistical Presentation Evaluation
Learn to evaluate statistical presentations and choose appropriate methods for geographical data.
Start LessonConclusion Drawing from Data
Learn to interpret geographical data and draw valid, evidence-based conclusions for analysis.
Start LessonFieldwork Skills (17 lessons)
Explore fieldwork skills in Geography.
Route to Geographical Enquiry
Learn the six-stage process of geographical enquiry and essential fieldwork skills for investigations.
Start LessonFieldwork Equipment Selection and Use
Learn to select and use appropriate equipment for effective geographical fieldwork investigations.
Start LessonFieldwork Technique Selection
Learn to select appropriate fieldwork techniques for effective geographical investigations.
Start LessonData Collection Sheet Design
Learn to design effective data collection sheets for geographical fieldwork investigations.
Start LessonRisk Assessment and Safety
Learn to identify hazards, assess risks and implement safety measures for geographical fieldwork.
Start LessonFieldwork Equipment - Ranging Poles and Flow Meters
Learn to use ranging poles and flow meters for accurate river and field measurements.
Start LessonFieldwork Equipment - Stopwatch and Quadrats
Learn to use stopwatches and quadrats effectively for geographical data collection in the field.
Start LessonFieldwork Equipment - Noise Meters and Tape Measures
Learn to use noise meters and tape measures for accurate geographical data collection in fieldwork.
Start LessonFieldwork Equipment - Clinometer
Learn to use clinometers to measure and record slope angles for geographical fieldwork investigations.
Start LessonEnvironmental Quality Surveys
Learn to design and conduct environmental quality surveys to assess and compare different locations.
Start LessonBi-polar Surveys and Questionnaires
Learn how to design, conduct and analyse bi-polar surveys for effective geographical fieldwork investigations.
Start LessonInterview and Observation Techniques
Learn essential interview and observation techniques for collecting high-quality geographical fieldwork data.
Start LessonField Sketches and Photography
Learn techniques for creating effective field sketches and geographical photography for fieldwork evidence.
Start LessonTraffic and Pedestrian Counts
Learn how to conduct, record and analyse traffic and pedestrian counts for geographical fieldwork.
Start LessonLand Use Surveys and Transects
Learn how to conduct and analyse land use surveys and transects for geographical fieldwork.
Start LessonSphere of Influence Studies
Learn how to design, conduct and analyse sphere of influence studies for settlements and services.
Start LessonRoundness Index and Other Indices
Learn to measure and interpret sediment characteristics using the Roundness Index and related fieldwork techniques.
Start LessonTheme 4: Assessment Preparation and Review
Paper 1 Preparation (7 lessons)
Explore paper 1 preparation in Geography.
Physical Geography Review
Explore Earth's physical processes from rivers and coasts to climate and ecosystems.
Start LessonRiver Environment Questions
Master river processes, landforms and flooding case studies for Paper 1 exam success.
Start LessonCoastal Environment Questions
Learn to tackle coastal environment questions with processes, landforms and case studies.
Start LessonEcosystem Questions
Learn to tackle ecosystem questions focusing on rainforests and savannas for Paper 1 success.
Start LessonTectonic Hazard Questions
Learn how to tackle tectonic hazard questions with case studies and development comparisons.
Start LessonClimate Change Questions
Master climate change causes, impacts and responses for effective Paper 1 exam answers.
Start LessonPaper 1 Practice Questions
Master techniques for answering different question types in Geography Paper 1 with case study application.
Start LessonPaper 2 Preparation (7 lessons)
Explore paper 2 preparation in Geography.
Human Geography Review
Explore population patterns, urbanisation, economic activities and development challenges in human geography.
Start LessonPopulation Questions
Master population pyramids, growth patterns and management policies for Paper 2 success.
Start LessonUrban Geography Questions
Learn how to tackle urban geography questions with case studies and data analysis techniques.
Start LessonDevelopment Questions
Master development indicators, gaps and strategies for tackling Paper 2 development questions effectively.
Start LessonEconomic Geography Questions
Learn to analyse economic development patterns and answer data-based questions in Paper 2.
Start LessonResource Management Questions
Learn to analyze and respond to resource management questions focusing on food, water and energy.
Start LessonPaper 2 Practice Questions
Master techniques for interpreting resources and answering different question types in Geography Paper 2.
Start LessonCoursework/Paper 4 Preparation (3 lessons)
Explore coursework/paper 4 preparation in Geography.
Geographical Investigation Skills
Master essential fieldwork techniques for collecting, presenting and analysing geographical data for Paper 4.
Start LessonData Analysis and Evaluation
Master techniques for analysing geographical data and evaluating research methods for Paper 4.
Start LessonFinal Review and Exam Preparation
Master essential skills for Paper 4 success with effective revision and exam techniques.
Start Lesson