Cambridge IGCSE Marine Science
View Course TimetableTheme 1: The Earth and its Oceans
Structure of the Earth (8 lessons)
Explore structure of the earth in Marine Science.
Introduction to Earth as a Planet
Explore Earth's formation, structure and unique characteristics that make our planet perfect for life.
Start LessonEarth's Orbit and Gravitational Forces
Explore Earth's layered structure, orbital mechanics and how gravitational forces shape marine environments.
Start LessonThe Earth's Core Structure
Explore Earth's inner and outer core structure and their effects on marine environments
Start LessonThe Earth's Mantle and Magma
Learn how Earth's mantle structure and magma formation drive oceanic processes and shape marine environments.
Unlock Full CourseThe Earth's Crust Composition
Explore Earth's crust composition, rock types, minerals and their impact on marine environments.
Unlock Full CourseEarth's Magnetic Field Formation
Discover how Earth's liquid core generates the magnetic field protecting our planet
Unlock Full CourseReview and Practical Applications
Review Earth's layered structure and explore practical applications in marine science research.
Unlock Full CourseAssessment and Consolidation
Consolidate understanding of Earth's four layers and assess their impact on marine environments.
Unlock Full CoursePlate Tectonics (12 lessons)
Explore plate tectonics in Marine Science.
Introduction to Tectonic Plates
Learn how Earth's surface is divided into moving tectonic plates and their boundary interactions.
Unlock Full CourseConvection Currents and Plate Movement
Explore how convection currents in Earth's mantle drive tectonic plate movement and shape our planet.
Unlock Full CourseSupercontinent Breakup and Continental Drift
Learn how supercontinents form and break apart, creating continental drift over millions of years
Unlock Full CourseConvergent Plate Boundaries
Explore how tectonic plates collide to form mountains, volcanoes and ocean trenches.
Unlock Full CourseDivergent Plate Boundaries
Learn how divergent plate boundaries create new oceanic crust and unique marine environments.
Unlock Full CourseTransform Plate Boundaries
Explore transform plate boundaries, fault systems, earthquake generation and their global impacts on landscapes.
Unlock Full CourseEarthquakes and Volcanic Activity
Explore how plate tectonics creates earthquakes and volcanic eruptions worldwide
Unlock Full CourseTsunami Formation Mechanisms
Learn how plate tectonic movements create tsunamis through seafloor displacement mechanisms
Unlock Full CourseTsunami Effects on Marine Ecosystems
Explore how plate tectonics generate tsunamis and their devastating effects on marine ecosystems
Unlock Full CourseTsunami Impact on Coastal Communities
Explore how plate tectonics generate tsunamis and their devastating impacts on coastal communities worldwide.
Unlock Full CourseCase Studies in Plate Tectonics
Explore real-world examples of plate boundaries and their dramatic effects on marine environments.
Unlock Full CourseAssessment and Review
Review plate tectonic theory, boundary types, evidence and geological processes for assessment preparation.
Unlock Full CourseOceans and Seas (12 lessons)
Explore oceans and seas in Marine Science.
The Five Major Oceans
Explore the five major oceans, their unique features, marine life and global connections.
Unlock Full CourseOcean Identification and Mapping
Learn to identify major oceans and seas using modern mapping techniques and technology
Unlock Full CourseThe World Ocean Concept
Explore how all Earth's oceans connect as one World Ocean system affecting global climate
Unlock Full CourseOcean Extent and Depth Statistics
Learn ocean surface area coverage, depth measurements and statistics of major ocean basins.
Unlock Full CourseSeas vs Oceans Classification
Learn to distinguish between seas and oceans and understand marine water body classification systems.
Unlock Full CourseContinental Shelf Geomorphology
Explore continental shelf formation, features and processes shaping underwater landscapes globally
Unlock Full CourseContinental Slope and Abyssal Plains
Explore continental slopes and abyssal plains, their formation, ecosystems and human impacts
Unlock Full CourseMid-Ocean Ridges
Discover how mid-ocean ridges create new ocean floor through seafloor spreading processes.
Unlock Full CourseOcean Trenches and Volcanic Islands
Explore how ocean trenches form through subduction and volcanic islands rise from the sea floor.
Unlock Full CourseLatitude and Longitude Coordinates
Learn to use latitude and longitude coordinates for locating ocean features and marine research
Unlock Full CourseTropical, Polar, and Temperate Regions
Explore characteristics and marine life of tropical, polar and temperate ocean regions worldwide.
Unlock Full CourseAssessment and Map Work
Learn to read ocean maps, analyse marine data and use assessment techniques for studying seas.
Unlock Full CourseTides and Currents (12 lessons)
Explore tides and currents in Marine Science.
Gravitational Effects of Moon and Sun
Discover how Moon and Sun gravity creates tides and ocean currents worldwide
Unlock Full CourseHigh and Low Tide Formation
Discover how Moon and Sun gravity creates predictable high and low tide cycles globally
Unlock Full CourseSpring and Neap Tides
Learn how Moon and Sun alignment creates spring and neap tidal cycles
Unlock Full CourseMeasuring Tidal Amplitude
Learn methods and technology used to accurately measure tidal amplitude worldwide
Unlock Full CourseOcean Current Formation
Learn how wind, density differences and Earth's rotation combine to create ocean currents.
Unlock Full CourseWind and Earth's Rotation Effects
Learn how wind patterns and Earth's rotation create ocean currents and modify tidal systems.
Unlock Full CourseOcean Gyres and Circulation
Explore how massive ocean gyres and circulation patterns shape global climate and marine ecosystems.
Unlock Full CourseFive Major Oceanic Gyres
Discover the five major oceanic gyres and their crucial role in global ocean circulation patterns.
Unlock Full CourseRip Current Formation and Dangers
Learn how dangerous rip currents form and essential safety techniques for beach survival.
Unlock Full CourseMeasuring Current Speed and Direction
Learn methods and technology used to measure ocean current speed and direction accurately.
Unlock Full CoursePractical Ocean Current Experiments
Learn to design experiments measuring ocean current speed, direction and behaviour patterns
Unlock Full CourseTheme 1 Comprehensive Review
Explore tidal forces, ocean currents and their vital impacts on marine ecosystems and human activities.
Unlock Full CourseTheme 2: Sea Water
The Water Cycle (12 lessons)
Explore the water cycle in Marine Science.
Particle Theory and States of Matter
Learn how particles behave in solids, liquids and gases within water cycle processes
Unlock Full CourseTemperature and Kinetic Energy
Learn how temperature controls molecular movement and drives water cycle processes in marine environments.
Unlock Full CourseDiffusion and Particle Movement
Learn how particle movement and diffusion drive evaporation, condensation and water distribution processes.
Unlock Full CourseChanges of State Processes
Explore how water changes between solid, liquid and gas states in marine environments
Unlock Full CourseEnergy Changes During State Changes
Explore how energy drives water's transformation between solid, liquid and gas states
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Ice Melting Effects on Water Level
Investigate through practical experiments how different types of ice melting affect water levels
Unlock Full CourseThe Water Cycle Components
Learn the key components of the water cycle including evaporation, condensation and precipitation processes.
Unlock Full CourseEvaporation, Condensation, and Precipitation
Learn how water moves through evaporation, condensation and precipitation in marine environments.
Unlock Full CourseSurface Run-off Processes
Learn how surface water flows overland, affecting water quality and marine environments.
Unlock Full CourseFactors Affecting Ocean Evaporation
Explore temperature, wind, humidity and salinity factors controlling ocean water evaporation rates
Unlock Full CourseWater Cycle in Marine Environments
Explore how oceans drive the global water cycle through evaporation, precipitation and currents
Unlock Full CourseAssessment and Practical Work
Learn practical methods for measuring and assessing water cycle processes in marine environments.
Unlock Full CoursepH and Salinity (14 lessons)
Explore ph and salinity in Marine Science.
Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures
Learn how elements, compounds and mixtures create ocean chemistry affecting marine life.
Unlock Full CoursepH Scale and Neutrality
Learn how the pH scale measures acidity and alkalinity in marine environments and ecosystems.
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Testing pH of Different Waters
Learn practical techniques for testing pH levels in various water sources and understanding results.
Unlock Full CourseCarbon Dioxide Effects on Seawater pH
Learn how atmospheric carbon dioxide dissolves in seawater and reduces ocean pH levels
Unlock Full CourseSeawater Composition and Salts
Learn about dissolved salts, pH levels and chemical composition of seawater and marine environments.
Unlock Full CourseSolvent, Solute, and Solution Concepts
Learn how water dissolves substances in marine environments affecting ocean chemistry and life
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Temperature Effects on Solubility
Investigate how temperature changes affect the solubility of gases and salts in seawater
Unlock Full CourseSalinity Measurement and Units
Learn how scientists measure ocean salinity using different units and instruments
Unlock Full CourseGlobal Ocean and Sea Salinity Variations
Explore global patterns of ocean and sea salinity variations and their environmental impacts
Unlock Full CourseEnvironmental Factors Affecting Salinity
Explore how evaporation, precipitation, temperature and human activities control ocean salinity patterns globally
Unlock Full CourseEstuary Formation and Characteristics
Explore how estuaries form and their unique pH and salinity characteristics in marine environments.
Unlock Full CourseTidal Effects on Estuary Salinity
Understand how tidal movements create changing salinity patterns in estuary ecosystems
Unlock Full CoursePractical Salinity Investigations
Learn practical methods for measuring salinity and investigating marine water chemistry variations
Unlock Full CourseAssessment and Review
Learn to measure, assess and interpret pH and salinity data in marine environments effectively.
Unlock Full CourseDissolved Gases and Density (14 lessons)
Explore dissolved gases and density in Marine Science.
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Seawater
Learn how oxygen and carbon dioxide dissolve in seawater and affect marine density
Unlock Full CourseGas Solubility in Water
Learn how temperature, pressure and salinity affect gas solubility in marine environments
Unlock Full CourseTemperature Effects on Gas Solubility
Learn how temperature changes affect dissolved gas levels and marine ecosystem health
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Gas Solubility Experiments
Learn practical techniques for measuring gas solubility and understand dissolved oxygen experiments
Unlock Full CourseDensity Formula and Calculations
Learn density formula calculations and their applications in marine science and ocean systems.
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Temperature Effects on Water Density
Investigate how temperature changes affect water density through practical experiments and observations.
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Salinity Effects on Water Density
Investigate how dissolved salts affect water density through practical measurement and analysis techniques
Unlock Full CourseConvection Current Formation
Learn how dissolved gases and density differences create convection currents in oceans
Unlock Full CourseParticle Theory and Density Changes
Explore how particle movement affects seawater density and dissolved gas behaviour in oceans.
Unlock Full CourseWater Layering by Density
Explore how dissolved gases and density differences create distinct water layers in marine environments.
Unlock Full CourseEffects of Increasing Ocean Depth
Explore how dissolved gases and water density change with increasing ocean depth
Unlock Full CourseLight Penetration and Secchi Disc Use
Learn how light penetrates seawater, measure clarity using Secchi discs and understand dissolved gas effects.
Unlock Full CoursePressure, Temperature, and Oxygen Changes
Learn how pressure and temperature affect dissolved oxygen levels in marine environments.
Unlock Full CourseUpwelling and El Nino Phenomena
Learn how dissolved gases drive upwelling and how El Niño disrupts ocean circulation patterns
Unlock Full CourseTheme 3: Marine Organisms
Cell Structure and Function (10 lessons)
Explore cell structure and function in Marine Science.
Plant Cell Structure and Components
Explore plant cell components including cell walls, chloroplasts and vacuoles in marine environments
Unlock Full CourseAnimal Cell Structure and Components
Explore animal cell components, organelles and their functions in marine life contexts.
Unlock Full CourseBacterial Cell Structure
Explore bacterial cell components, structures and functions in prokaryotic organisms
Unlock Full CourseCell Structure Identification Practice
Learn to identify and understand the functions of key cell structures and organelles
Unlock Full CourseCell Function Analysis
Analyse how marine cells function and adapt to ocean environments and pressures.
Unlock Full CourseMicroscopy and Cell Observation
Learn to use microscopes effectively and observe plant and animal cell structures and functions.
Unlock Full CourseCell Structure Comparison
Compare prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, plus plant versus animal cell structures in marine environments
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Cell Identification
Learn to identify plant, animal and bacterial cells using microscope techniques and scientific observation.
Unlock Full CourseCell Structure Drawing and Labelling
Learn to accurately draw and label animal and plant cell structures and organelles.
Unlock Full CourseAssessment and Review
Review cell structures, functions and marine adaptations for comprehensive assessment preparation.
Unlock Full CourseReproduction and Classification (14 lessons)
Explore reproduction and classification in Marine Science.
Asexual Reproduction in Marine Organisms
Learn how marine organisms reproduce asexually through budding, fragmentation and other fascinating methods.
Unlock Full CourseSexual Reproduction Processes
Learn how marine organisms use sexual reproduction to create genetically diverse offspring
Unlock Full CourseMarine Organism Classification Systems
Learn how scientists classify and name marine organisms using taxonomic hierarchy systems.
Unlock Full CourseBinomial Naming System
Learn the binomial naming system used to classify all marine organisms scientifically.
Unlock Full CourseThree Domains of Life
Explore the three domains of life and their unique characteristics in marine environments.
Unlock Full CourseEukarya Kingdoms in Marine Habitats
Explore the five Eukarya kingdoms and their diverse reproduction strategies in marine environments
Unlock Full CourseAnimal Kingdom Features
Explore animal reproduction methods and classification systems used in marine biology studies.
Unlock Full CourseMarine Vertebrate Groups
Explore marine vertebrate groups, their classification systems and diverse reproductive strategies in ocean environments.
Unlock Full CourseFish External Features and Functions
Explore fish external anatomy, fin functions, scales and how features aid classification
Unlock Full CourseMarine Invertebrate Classification
Learn how scientists classify marine invertebrates using body structure, feeding methods and reproduction
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Specimen Identification
Learn practical techniques for identifying marine organisms using classification systems and field guides.
Unlock Full CourseDichotomous Key Construction
Learn to construct dichotomous keys for identifying and classifying marine organisms effectively
Unlock Full CourseMagnification Calculations
Calculate magnification, actual size and image size for marine microscopy applications
Unlock Full CourseAssessment and Practical Work
Learn practical assessment techniques for investigating marine organism reproduction and classification methods.
Unlock Full CoursePlant and Protoctist Kingdoms (10 lessons)
Explore plant and protoctist kingdoms in Marine Science.
Seagrass Characteristics and Features
Explore seagrass plant structures, species types, reproduction methods and marine adaptations comprehensively.
Unlock Full CourseKelp Structure and Function
Explore kelp structure, adaptations and vital functions in marine ecosystems and food webs.
Unlock Full CourseDinoflagellate Features
Explore dinoflagellate structure, movement, bioluminescence, harmful blooms and marine ecosystem roles
Unlock Full CourseDiatom Characteristics
Explore diatom structure, reproduction, ecological roles and practical applications in marine science
Unlock Full CourseMarine Plant Adaptations
Discover how marine plants adapt to survive underwater challenges like saltwater and limited light
Unlock Full CourseProtoctist Diversity
Explore the incredible diversity of protoctists from shape-shifting amoebas to photosynthetic algae
Unlock Full CoursePhotosynthesis in Marine Organisms
Learn how marine plants and protoctists use photosynthesis to create ocean food webs
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Marine Plant Observation
Learn practical techniques for observing, collecting and identifying marine plants and protoctists safely
Unlock Full CourseMarine Primary Producer Comparison
Compare phytoplankton, seaweeds and seagrasses as marine primary producers and their adaptations.
Unlock Full CourseAssessment and Review
Review and assess understanding of marine plant and protoctist kingdom characteristics and ecological roles
Unlock Full CourseLife Cycles and Migration (18 lessons)
Explore life cycles and migration in Marine Science.
Leatherback Turtle Life Cycle - Part 1
Learn about leatherback turtle reproduction, nesting, incubation, hatching and early juvenile development stages
Unlock Full CourseLeatherback Turtle Life Cycle - Part 2
Explore leatherback turtle ocean migrations, navigation abilities, feeding behaviour and conservation challenges
Unlock Full CourseCoral Polyp Life Cycle - Asexual Reproduction
Learn how coral polyps create new colonies through budding and fragmentation processes.
Unlock Full CourseCoral Polyp Life Cycle - Sexual Reproduction
Explore coral polyp sexual reproduction, spawning events, larval development and settlement processes
Unlock Full CourseMigration Concepts and Reasons
Learn why marine animals migrate and how they navigate across vast ocean distances.
Unlock Full CourseThree-Dimensional Marine Migration
Explore how marine animals navigate and migrate through ocean depths, surfaces and vast distances.
Unlock Full CourseDaily Vertical Migration Patterns
Learn how marine animals migrate vertically each day between surface and deep waters.
Unlock Full CourseLong-Distance Horizontal Migration
Explore incredible long-distance journeys of marine animals across ocean basins and their navigation methods.
Unlock Full CourseNavigation Methods in Marine Animals
Explore how marine animals navigate vast oceans using magnetic fields, stars and chemical cues.
Unlock Full CourseMagnetic Field Navigation
Discover how marine animals use Earth's magnetic field for incredible ocean navigation
Unlock Full CourseCelestial Navigation
Discover how marine animals use stars, sun and moon to navigate ocean migrations
Unlock Full CourseChemical and Landmark Navigation
Learn how marine animals use chemical signals and landmarks to navigate ocean migrations successfully.
Unlock Full CourseCase Studies in Marine Migration
Explore detailed case studies of marine animal migrations including whales, turtles and salmon
Unlock Full CourseMigration Route Mapping
Learn how scientists track and map the incredible migration journeys of marine animals
Unlock Full CourseHuman Impact on Migration
Explore how human activities disrupt marine animal migration patterns and conservation solutions.
Unlock Full CourseConservation of Migratory Species
Learn how international cooperation and marine protected areas help conserve migratory species
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Migration Pattern Analysis
Analyse marine animal migration patterns using tracking data and environmental factors
Unlock Full CourseTheme 3 Comprehensive Assessment
Explore complete marine life cycles, migration patterns and human impacts on ocean species survival.
Unlock Full CourseTheme 4: Nutrients and Energy
Nutrients and Respiration (14 lessons)
Explore nutrients and respiration in Marine Science.
Nutrient Definition and Functions
Learn how nutrients function in marine ecosystems and support ocean life cycles.
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Food Tests for Starch and Sugars
Learn practical techniques for testing starch and sugars in marine organisms using laboratory methods.
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Food Tests for Proteins and Lipids
Learn practical laboratory techniques for testing proteins and lipids in marine food samples.
Unlock Full CourseMajor Nutrient Group Functions
Learn how carbohydrates, proteins and lipids function in marine organisms and cellular respiration processes.
Unlock Full CourseEssential Elements in Marine Organisms
Explore essential chemical elements marine organisms need for survival and growth processes.
Unlock Full CourseNutrient Cycling in Marine Ecosystems
Learn how nutrients cycle through marine ecosystems supporting ocean food webs and climate regulation
Unlock Full CourseBacterial Decomposers and Nutrient Cycling
Learn how bacterial decomposers recycle nutrients and maintain healthy marine ecosystems
Unlock Full CourseCellular Respiration Process
Learn how marine organisms convert glucose and oxygen into energy through cellular respiration processes
Unlock Full CourseAerobic Respiration Word Equation
Learn the aerobic respiration word equation and its importance for marine organisms
Unlock Full CourseRespiration vs Gas Exchange
Learn the key differences between cellular respiration and gas exchange in marine organisms
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Energy Release from Food
Learn to measure and calculate energy content in different foods using calorimetry techniques
Unlock Full CourseMarine Organism Energy Requirements
Explore how marine organisms obtain, process and use energy and nutrients for survival
Unlock Full CourseNutrient Availability in Ocean Zones
Explore how nutrients are distributed across ocean zones and their impact on marine life.
Unlock Full CourseAssessment and Practical Review
Learn practical techniques for assessing marine nutrients and measuring organism respiration rates effectively.
Unlock Full CoursePhotosynthesis and Productivity (12 lessons)
Explore photosynthesis and productivity in Marine Science.
Photosynthesis Process and Components
Learn how marine plants convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis and productivity processes.
Unlock Full CourseChlorophyll and Light Energy Transfer
Learn how chlorophyll captures light energy and transfers it through marine photosynthesis systems.
Unlock Full CourseMarine Primary Producers
Explore marine primary producers, photosynthesis processes and ocean productivity patterns in different zones.
Unlock Full CoursePhotosynthesis Word Equation
Learn the photosynthesis word equation and how marine plants create food and oxygen
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Light Intensity Effects on Photosynthesis
Investigate how light intensity affects photosynthesis rates using aquatic plants and bubble counting techniques.
Unlock Full CourseMarine Productivity Concepts
Explore marine productivity concepts, phytoplankton photosynthesis and ocean ecosystem energy flow patterns.
Unlock Full CourseUpwelling and Coastal Productivity
Explore how upwelling systems create the ocean's most productive marine ecosystems globally.
Unlock Full CourseFactors Affecting Marine Productivity
Explore light, nutrients, temperature, currents and human impacts on marine ecosystem productivity
Unlock Full CoursePrimary Production Measurement
Learn how scientists measure primary production in marine ecosystems using various techniques
Unlock Full CourseGlobal Marine Productivity Patterns
Explore global patterns of ocean productivity and factors controlling marine life distribution worldwide.
Unlock Full CourseSeasonal Productivity Changes
Understand how marine photosynthesis and productivity change seasonally across different ocean regions.
Unlock Full CourseAssessment and Data Analysis
Learn to measure, analyse and interpret marine photosynthesis data using scientific methods
Unlock Full CourseFeeding Relationships (10 lessons)
Explore feeding relationships in Marine Science.
Sun as Energy Source
Discover how the sun powers all marine life through photosynthesis and energy flow
Unlock Full CourseFood Chain Construction
Learn to construct marine food chains showing energy flow from producers to apex predators.
Unlock Full CourseFood Web Networks
Explore complex marine food webs, energy flow and feeding relationships in ocean ecosystems.
Unlock Full CourseTrophic Levels and Consumer Types
Learn how marine organisms feed at different trophic levels and consumer types
Unlock Full CoursePrimary, Secondary, and Tertiary Consumers
Explore primary, secondary and tertiary consumers and their feeding relationships in marine ecosystems.
Unlock Full CourseHerbivores, Carnivores, and Omnivores
Learn how marine herbivores, carnivores and omnivores create complex feeding relationships in ocean ecosystems.
Unlock Full CourseDecomposers and Detritivores
Explore how marine decomposers and detritivores recycle nutrients and maintain ocean ecosystem health.
Unlock Full CoursePredator-Prey Relationships
Explore how marine predators hunt prey and maintain ecosystem balance through population dynamics.
Unlock Full CourseEnergy Loss in Food Chains
Discover how energy decreases through marine food chains and why ocean predators are rare
Unlock Full CoursePyramids of Numbers, Biomass, and Energy
Learn how energy, biomass and numbers flow through marine food webs and ecosystems.
Unlock Full CourseTheme 5: Marine Ecology
Ecosystem Components (12 lessons)
Explore ecosystem components in Marine Science.
Ecological Terminology - Species and Populations
Learn to define and distinguish between species, populations, communities and marine ecosystem organisation levels.
Unlock Full CourseCommunity and Habitat Concepts
Explore marine ecosystem components including community interactions and habitat characteristics in ocean environments.
Unlock Full CourseEnvironment and Ecosystem Definitions
Learn fundamental definitions of marine environments and ecosystems and their key components
Unlock Full CoursePopulation Growth Factors
Explore factors controlling marine population growth including competition, predation, disease and environmental limits
Unlock Full CourseMarine Ecosystem Types
Explore marine ecosystem components and major habitat types from coral reefs to deep sea environments.
Unlock Full CourseOpen-Ocean vs Coastal Ecosystems
Compare open-ocean and coastal marine ecosystems, their components, biodiversity and ecological characteristics.
Unlock Full CourseCoastal Ecosystem Vulnerability
Explore threats to coastal ecosystems and learn protection strategies for vulnerable marine environments.
Unlock Full CourseNutrient Run-off and Productivity
Learn how nutrient run-off from human activities affects marine ecosystem productivity and health.
Unlock Full CourseMarine Ecosystem Services
Explore how marine ecosystems provide essential services supporting human life and wellbeing
Unlock Full CourseHuman Dependence on Marine Ecosystems
Explore how humans depend on marine ecosystems for food, economy and survival
Unlock Full CourseEcosystem Health Indicators
Learn to identify and interpret key indicators that reveal marine ecosystem health and stability.
Unlock Full CourseAssessment and Review
Learn methods for assessing marine ecosystem health and reviewing conservation effectiveness
Unlock Full CourseInvestigating Ecosystems (10 lessons)
Explore investigating ecosystems in Marine Science.
Practical: Quadrat Sampling Methods
Learn practical quadrat sampling techniques for studying marine ecosystems and biodiversity
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Line and Belt Transects
Learn to conduct line and belt transects for studying marine ecosystem distribution patterns.
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Shore Profile Measurement
Learn to measure beach slopes and analyse coastal data using scientific fieldwork techniques.
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Sediment Particle Analysis
Learn practical techniques for collecting and analysing marine sediment particles to understand ecosystems
Unlock Full CoursePractical: Moisture Content Measurement
Learn practical techniques for measuring moisture content in marine ecosystem samples accurately.
Unlock Full CourseData Collection and Recording
Learn systematic methods for collecting, recording and analysing marine ecosystem data effectively
Unlock Full CourseStatistical Analysis of Ecological Data
Learn statistical methods for analysing marine ecosystem data and interpreting ecological research findings.
Unlock Full CourseSpecies Richness Calculations
Learn to calculate and analyse species richness in marine ecosystems using sampling methods
Unlock Full CourseDistribution Pattern Analysis
Learn how marine organisms distribute themselves and methods to analyse distribution patterns.
Unlock Full CoursePractical Assessment and Review
Learn practical techniques for investigating marine ecosystems, data collection and scientific assessment methods.
Unlock Full CourseOpen-Ocean Ecosystem (14 lessons)
Explore open-ocean ecosystem in Marine Science.
Pelagic and Benthic Zones
Explore the structure, life and adaptations within pelagic and benthic ocean zones.
Unlock Full CourseSunlight Zone Characteristics
Explore sunlight zone characteristics including light penetration, temperature, marine life adaptations and ecosystem dynamics.
Unlock Full CourseTwilight Zone Conditions
Explore the unique physical conditions and remarkable adaptations of twilight zone marine life.
Unlock Full CourseMidnight Zone Environment
Explore the extreme midnight zone environment and unique deep-sea organism adaptations.
Unlock Full CoursePlankton Communities
Explore plankton communities, their roles in ocean food webs and global climate regulation
Unlock Full CoursePhytoplankton Types and Roles
Explore different phytoplankton types and their essential roles in open-ocean ecosystems
Unlock Full CourseZooplankton Diversity
Explore diverse zooplankton species, their feeding strategies, migrations and crucial ecosystem roles
Unlock Full CourseSunlight Zone Biomass
Explore biomass distribution, primary productivity and energy flow in ocean sunlight zones.
Unlock Full CourseAdaptations in Sunlight and Twilight Zones
Discover how marine life adapts to survive in sunlight and twilight ocean zones
Unlock Full CourseDeep-Sea Adaptations
Discover how marine organisms adapt to survive extreme deep-sea conditions and environments.
Unlock Full CourseBenthic Species Adaptations
Explore how bottom-dwelling marine organisms adapt to extreme deep-sea pressure, darkness and food scarcity.
Unlock Full CourseVertical Migration Patterns
Explore daily vertical migration patterns of marine animals through ocean zones
Unlock Full CourseOpen-Ocean Food Webs
Explore complex feeding relationships and energy flow in open-ocean marine ecosystems.
Unlock Full CourseAssessment and Case Studies
Explore methods for assessing open-ocean ecosystem health through real-world case studies and monitoring techniques.
Unlock Full CourseCoastal Ecosystems (20 lessons)
Explore coastal ecosystems in Marine Science.
Rocky Shore Zonation
Explore how marine organisms arrange themselves in distinct zones on rocky shores based on tidal exposure.
Unlock Full CourseRocky Shore Environmental Factors
Explore how tides, waves, temperature and salinity shape rocky shore marine ecosystems.
Unlock Full CourseBiotic and Abiotic Factors on Rocky Shores
Explore living organisms and physical factors shaping rocky shore coastal ecosystems
Unlock Full CourseRocky Shore Organism Adaptations
Learn how rocky shore organisms adapt to survive waves, drying out and extreme conditions.
Unlock Full CourseMacroalgae Adaptations
Explore how macroalgae adapt structurally and physiologically to thrive in challenging coastal marine environments.
Unlock Full CourseMollusc and Cnidarian Adaptations
Explore how molluscs and cnidarians adapt structurally and behaviourally to survive coastal environments.
Unlock Full CourseSedimentary Shore Types
Explore sandy beaches, mudflats and estuaries, their formation, wildlife and conservation challenges
Unlock Full CourseSandy vs Muddy Shore Features
Compare sandy and muddy coastal ecosystems, their organisms and environmental adaptations.
Unlock Full CourseSandy Shore Environmental Factors
Explore physical and chemical factors shaping sandy shore ecosystems and organism adaptations
Unlock Full CourseBurrowing Organism Adaptations
Explore how marine organisms adapt their bodies and behaviours for successful burrowing life
Unlock Full CourseMangrove Forest Structure
Explore mangrove forest layers, root systems, zonation patterns and structural adaptations to saltwater environments.
Unlock Full CourseMangrove Abiotic Factor Changes
Explore how changing environmental conditions like temperature, salinity and tides affect mangrove ecosystems
Unlock Full CourseMangrove Tree Adaptations
Explore how mangrove trees adapt to survive saltwater, tides and coastal conditions.
Unlock Full CourseMangrove Animal Adaptations
Discover how animals adapt to survive in challenging mangrove coastal environments
Unlock Full CourseTropical Coral Reef Structure
Explore coral reef zones, formation types, biodiversity patterns and structural adaptations in tropical marine ecosystems
Unlock Full CourseCoral Polyp Anatomy and Function
Explore coral polyp structure, feeding mechanisms, reproduction and their vital role in reef ecosystems.
Unlock Full CourseCoral-Zooxanthellae Relationship
Explore the mutualistic relationship between corals and zooxanthellae algae in marine ecosystems.
Unlock Full CourseCoral Reef Environmental Factors
Explore how temperature, light, salinity and water movement affect coral reef ecosystems
Unlock Full CourseCoral Reef Organism Adaptations
Discover amazing adaptations that help coral reef organisms survive, feed and reproduce successfully.
Unlock Full CourseAtoll Formation Theory
Learn how volcanic islands sink and coral reefs grow to form spectacular ring-shaped atolls.
Unlock Full CourseTheme 6: Human Influences on Marine Environment
Human Interactions Overview (8 lessons)
Explore human interactions overview in Marine Science.
Marine Ecosystem Importance to Humans
Explore how marine ecosystems provide food, medicine, climate regulation and economic benefits to humans
Unlock Full CourseHuman Impact Categories
Explore major human impact categories threatening marine ecosystems and ocean health worldwide.
Unlock Full CourseEndangered Species and Extinction
Learn about endangered marine species, extinction causes and conservation efforts protecting ocean biodiversity.
Unlock Full CourseSustainability Concepts
Learn sustainable marine resource management and conservation practices for healthy ocean ecosystems.
Unlock Full CourseRecreation and Tourism Impacts
Explore how recreational activities and tourism impact marine ecosystems and conservation efforts.
Unlock Full CourseResource Extraction Effects
Explore how fishing, mining and oil extraction impact marine ecosystems and biodiversity.
Unlock Full CourseInfrastructure Development Impacts
Learn how coastal infrastructure development impacts marine ecosystems and sustainable construction methods.
Unlock Full CourseCase Study Analysis
Analyse real-world case studies showing human impacts on marine ecosystems and conservation responses.
Unlock Full CourseTourism and Fisheries (12 lessons)
Explore tourism and fisheries in Marine Science.
Tourism Socio-Economic Importance
Explore how marine tourism creates economic opportunities and transforms coastal communities worldwide.
Unlock Full CourseEcotourism Principles
Learn sustainable marine tourism principles that protect ecosystems whilst benefiting local communities.
Unlock Full CoursePositive and Negative Tourism Impacts
Explore how tourism creates both benefits and problems for marine environments and fishing communities.
Unlock Full CourseMarine Protected Areas
Explore how Marine Protected Areas balance conservation with sustainable tourism and fishing industries.
Unlock Full CourseTourism Impact Reduction Strategies
Learn effective strategies to reduce tourism impacts on marine environments and coastal ecosystems.
Unlock Full CourseFisheries Social and Economic Importance
Explore how fisheries provide jobs, food security, cultural identity and economic value to communities worldwide.
Unlock Full CourseFishing Method Evaluation
Evaluate different fishing methods for sustainability, environmental impact and marine ecosystem effects.
Unlock Full CourseNavigational Aids in Fishing
Learn how GPS, sonar, radar and other navigational aids help fishermen locate fish and navigate safely at sea.
Unlock Full CourseOverfishing and Sustainability
Learn how overfishing threatens marine ecosystems and explore sustainable fishing practices and tourism impacts.
Unlock Full CourseSustainable Harvesting Strategies
Learn sustainable fishing quotas, marine tourism practices and conservation strategies for ocean resources.
Unlock Full CourseFish Aggregating Devices
Learn how Fish Aggregating Devices support tourism and fisheries whilst impacting marine ecosystems.
Unlock Full CourseInternational Fishing Agreements
Learn how international fishing agreements protect marine resources and support sustainable tourism development.
Unlock Full CourseAquaculture and Energy (8 lessons)
Explore aquaculture and energy in Marine Science.
Aquaculture Importance
Explore how aquaculture provides food security, economic benefits and sustainable marine farming solutions globally.
Unlock Full CourseAquaculture Species and Systems
Learn about different aquaculture systems and the main species farmed worldwide.
Unlock Full CourseAquaculture Production Methods
Learn intensive, extensive and marine aquaculture production methods and their environmental impacts.
Unlock Full CourseEndangered Species Restocking
Learn how aquaculture techniques help restore endangered marine species through breeding and restocking programmes.
Unlock Full CourseOil Extraction and Transportation
Learn how oil is extracted from ocean floors and transported safely across marine environments.
Unlock Full CourseOil Spill Impacts and Response
Learn about oil spill causes, environmental impacts, cleanup methods and prevention strategies
Unlock Full CourseFossil Fuel Advantages and Disadvantages
Explore fossil fuel benefits and environmental costs in marine industries and aquaculture operations.
Unlock Full CourseRenewable Ocean Energy
Explore wave, tidal and thermal ocean energy technologies for sustainable electricity generation.
Unlock Full CoursePollution and Conservation (4 lessons)
Explore pollution and conservation in Marine Science.
Plastic Pollution and Microplastics
Learn about plastic pollution sources, microplastic formation, marine impacts and conservation solutions.
Unlock Full CourseEutrophication Process
Learn how excess nutrients create marine dead zones through the eutrophication process
Unlock Full CourseClimate Change and Ocean Effects
Explore how climate change affects ocean temperatures, acidification, currents and marine ecosystems.
Unlock Full CourseConservation Strategies and Final Review
Learn effective marine conservation strategies, protected areas and international cooperation for ocean protection.
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