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Pearson Edexcel IGCSE Physics

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Theme 1: Forces and Motion

Movement and Position (7 lessons)

Explore movement and position in Physics.

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Speed, Distance and Time

Learn the average speed equation, rearrange it and convert units with confidence

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Distance-Time Graphs

Plot distance-time graphs, read their shapes and find speed from the gradient.

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Practical: Investigating Motion

Measure the motion of toy cars and tennis balls, then calculate average speed.

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Acceleration

Learn the acceleration equation, the unit m/s² and how to rearrange it.

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Velocity-Time Graphs

Plot and explain velocity-time graphs and find acceleration from the gradient.

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Distance from a Velocity-Time Graph

Find the distance travelled from the area under a velocity-time graph.

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Final Speed, Acceleration and Distance

Use v² = u² + 2as to link final speed, acceleration and distance.

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Forces, Movement, Shape and Momentum (15 lessons)

Explore forces, movement, shape and momentum in Physics.

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Forces and Their Effects

Learn what forces do, name each type of force, and understand friction.

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Scalars, Vectors and Resultant Forces

Tell scalars from vectors and calculate resultant forces along a line.

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Force, Mass and Acceleration

Use F = m × a to link unbalanced force, mass and acceleration.

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Weight, Mass and Gravity

Tell mass from weight and use W = m × g in calculations.

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Stopping Distances

Learn what makes up stopping distance and the factors that change it.

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Falling Objects and Terminal Velocity

Learn the forces on falling objects and why they reach terminal velocity.

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Hooke's Law and Elastic Behaviour

Learn Hooke's law, force-extension graphs and what elastic behaviour means.

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Practical: Stretching Materials

Carry out and explain the practical on stretching springs, wires and rubber bands.

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Momentum

Use momentum = mass × velocity, its unit kg m/s and direction signs.

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Conservation of Momentum

Use conservation of momentum to solve collisions, explosions and recoil with signs.

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Force, Momentum and Safety Features

Use force = change in momentum / time taken and explain how safety features work.

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Newton's Third Law

Understand Newton's third law, spot force pairs and tell them from balanced forces.

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Moments and Centre of Gravity

Calculate the moment of a force and learn where an object's weight acts.

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The Principle of Moments

Use the principle of moments to find unknown forces and distances on balanced beams

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Forces on a Supported Beam

How two supports share the weight of a heavy object on a beam

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Theme 2: Electricity

Units and Circuit Symbols (1 lessons)

Explore units and circuit symbols in Physics.

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Electrical Units and Circuit Symbols

The units of electricity and every circuit symbol used in the exam

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Mains Electricity (5 lessons)

Explore mains electricity in Physics.

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The Heating Effect, Fuses and Circuit Breakers

Why a current heats a resistor, and how fuses and circuit breakers protect

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Insulation, Double Insulation and Earthing

How insulation, earthing and double insulation protect people who use mains appliances

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Electrical Power and Choosing Fuses

Use power = current × voltage to find currents and choose the right fuse

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Energy Transferred by Appliances

Use energy = current × voltage × time to compare what appliances transfer

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Alternating and Direct Current

Tell direct current from alternating current and recognise the voltage-time trace of each

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Energy and Voltage in Circuits (10 lessons)

Explore energy and voltage in circuits in Physics.

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Series and Parallel Circuits

Compare series and parallel circuits and explain why homes use parallel wiring

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Current in a Series Circuit

See how voltage, components and resistance change the current in a series circuit

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Voltage, Current and Resistance

Learn and use V = I × R to calculate voltage, current and resistance.

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Current-Voltage Graphs

Describe current-voltage graphs for wires, resistors, filament lamps and diodes.

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Investigating Current and Voltage

Build the circuit, take the readings and plot current against voltage for four components.

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LDRs, Thermistors, Lamps and LEDs

How LDRs and thermistors change resistance, and how lamps and LEDs show a current.

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Charge and Current

Learn that current is the rate of flow of charge and calculate charge.

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Current and Voltage Rules in Circuits

Why current is conserved at a junction and why parallel components share the same voltage

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Series Circuit Calculations

Calculate current, voltage and resistance for two components connected in a series circuit

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Voltage, Energy and Charge

Learn what voltage means and calculate energy transferred using charge and voltage

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Electric Charge (4 lessons)

Explore electric charge in Physics.

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Conductors, Insulators and Static Charge

Sort conductors from insulators and explain static charge using electron transfer and forces.

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Practical: Charging Insulators by Friction

Charge plastic rods by rubbing, then test them with a hanging rod, paper and a balloon

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Explaining Electrostatic Phenomena

Explain balloons on walls, shocks, sparks, lightning and earthing by following the electrons

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Dangers and Uses of Static Electricity

Explain the fuelling spark danger and how photocopiers and inkjet printers use charge

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Theme 3: Waves

Properties of Waves (5 lessons)

Explore properties of waves in Physics.

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Transverse and Longitudinal Waves

How transverse and longitudinal waves differ, and what all waves transfer.

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Describing Waves

The five key wave definitions, and how all waves can be reflected and refracted.

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The Wave Equation

Use the wave equation to calculate the speed, frequency and wavelength of any wave.

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Frequency and Time Period

Link frequency and time period, then combine f = 1 / T with the wave equation.

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The Doppler Effect

Why a moving source changes the frequency and wavelength an observer receives

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The Electromagnetic Spectrum (3 lessons)

Explore the electromagnetic spectrum in Physics.

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The Electromagnetic Spectrum

The seven regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, their order and the colours of light

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Uses of Electromagnetic Waves

Learn the uses of all seven electromagnetic waves and why each suits its job.

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Dangers of Electromagnetic Waves

How microwaves, infrared, ultraviolet and gamma rays harm the body, and simple protection.

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Light and Sound (11 lessons)

Explore light and sound in Physics.

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Reflection of Light

Use the law of reflection and draw ray diagrams for plane mirrors

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Refraction of Light

How light bends at a boundary and how to draw refraction ray diagrams

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Practical: Investigating Refraction

Trace light rays through rectangular, semi-circular and triangular blocks and measure the angles

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Refractive Index

Learn and use n = sin i / sin r to calculate refractive index and angles.

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Practical: Refractive Index of Glass

Find the refractive index of glass from a sin i against sin r graph

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Total Internal Reflection and the Critical Angle

Learn what the critical angle means and use sin c = 1 ÷ n

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Optical Fibres and Prisms

How total internal reflection carries light along optical fibres and turns it in prisms

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Sound Waves

How sound waves are made, need a medium, echo and refract

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Practical: Speed of Sound in Air

Three ways to measure the speed of sound in air accurately

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Oscilloscopes, Pitch and Loudness

How oscilloscope traces show the pitch and loudness of a sound

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Practical: Measuring Sound Frequency

Measure the frequency of a sound using a microphone and an oscilloscope

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Theme 4: Energy Resources and Energy Transfers

Energy Transfers (8 lessons)

Explore energy transfers in Physics.

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Energy Stores and Transfers

Learn the eight energy stores and the four ways energy transfers between them.

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Conservation of Energy and Efficiency

Use conservation of energy and calculate the efficiency of everyday devices.

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Sankey Diagrams

Read and draw Sankey diagrams to compare the efficiency of everyday devices.

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Conduction

How vibrating particles and free electrons conduct thermal energy through solids and metals

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Convection

How convection currents carry thermal energy through liquids and gases in everyday life

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Thermal Radiation

How infrared radiation transfers thermal energy, and how surface and temperature affect it

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Practical: Conduction, Convection and Radiation

Three experiments that show conduction, convection and radiation, with variables, results and safety

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Reducing Unwanted Energy Transfers

How insulation, vacuum flasks, clothing layers and lubrication reduce unwanted energy transfers

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Work and Power (5 lessons)

Explore work and power in Physics.

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Work Done

Use work done = force × distance moved and link work to energy transferred

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Gravitational Potential Energy

Use GPE = m × g × h to calculate energy gained when objects are lifted

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Kinetic Energy

Use KE = half mass times speed squared and see why speed matters most

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Energy Changes: GPE, KE and Work

Link GPE, KE and work using conservation of energy to find speeds, heights and braking forces

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Power

Learn what power means and calculate it from work done and time taken

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Energy Resources and Electricity Generation (4 lessons)

Explore energy resources and electricity generation in Physics.

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Electricity from Wind, Water and Hot Rocks

Follow the energy from wind, water and hot rocks through turbines to electricity.

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Electricity from Sun, Fossil Fuels and Nuclear

Follow the energy from fossil fuels, uranium and sunlight through to electricity.

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Comparing Renewable Energy Resources

Compare wind, hydroelectric, tidal, wave, geothermal and solar power for reliability, cost and habitats.

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Comparing Non-renewable Energy Resources

Weigh up fossil fuels and nuclear power for reliability, pollution, waste and cost.

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Theme 5: Solids, Liquids and Gases

Density and Pressure (4 lessons)

Explore density and pressure in Physics.

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Density

Use density = mass / volume, change units and predict floating or sinking.

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Practical: Measuring Density

Measure the density of regular solids, liquids and irregular solids step by step.

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Pressure

Use pressure = force / area, pascals and N/cm², and explain large and small pressures.

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Pressure in Liquids and Gases

Why liquid and gas pressure acts in all directions and increases with depth.

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Change of State (5 lessons)

Explore change of state in Physics.

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Particles in Solids, Liquids and Gases

Describe how particles are arranged and move in solids, liquids and gases, and use the model.

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Heating and Changes of State

Explain how heating raises temperature or changes state, and describe melting, evaporation and boiling.

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Practical: Temperature-Time Graphs

Obtain and explain a temperature-time graph showing constant temperature during a change of state.

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Specific Heat Capacity

Learn specific heat capacity, its unit, and use the thermal energy equation with worked examples.

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Practical: Measuring Specific Heat Capacity

Measure specific heat capacity of a metal block and water with an electric heater.

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Ideal Gas Molecules (4 lessons)

Explore ideal gas molecules in Physics.

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Gas Molecules and Pressure

How gas molecules move randomly, create pressure on walls, and speed up when heated.

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Absolute Zero and the Kelvin Scale

Why absolute zero exists, how to convert kelvin and Celsius, and kelvin and molecular energy.

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Pressure and Volume of a Gas

How squeezing a gas raises its pressure, and using the pressure and volume equation.

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Pressure and Temperature of a Gas

Why heating a sealed gas raises its pressure, and using p1/T1 = p2/T2 in kelvin.

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Theme 6: Magnetism and Electromagnetism

Magnetism (3 lessons)

Explore magnetism in Physics.

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Magnets and Magnetic Materials

Poles, magnetic materials, induced magnetism, and magnetically hard and soft materials with their uses.

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Magnetic Field Lines

What magnetic field lines show, and how magnets make a uniform field.

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Practical: Plotting Magnetic Field Patterns

How to plot magnetic field patterns with iron filings and a plotting compass.

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Electromagnetism (4 lessons)

Explore electromagnetism in Physics.

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The Magnetic Field Around a Current

How a current makes a magnetic field, and drawing the fields of wires and coils.

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Solenoids and Electromagnets

How a solenoid's field is drawn and how electromagnets are built, strengthened and used.

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The Motor Effect

Why a current in a magnetic field feels a force, and how to predict it.

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Electric Motors and Loudspeakers

How d.c. electric motors and loudspeakers use the force on a current in a field.

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Electromagnetic Induction (5 lessons)

Explore electromagnetic induction in Physics.

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Electromagnetic Induction

How moving or changing magnetic fields induce a voltage in a coil, and what changes it.

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Generators

How spinning magnets and coils make alternating voltage in dynamos and a.c. generators.

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Transformers

Structure of a transformer, how it works, why it needs a.c., step-up and step-down.

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Transformer Calculations

Using the turns ratio and power equations to find voltages, turns and currents in transformers.

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Transformers and Electricity Transmission

How step-up and step-down transformers move electricity from power stations to homes with little wasted energy.

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Theme 7: Radioactivity and Particles

Radioactivity (12 lessons)

Explore radioactivity in Physics.

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Atomic Structure and Isotopes

Learn the structure of the atom, nuclide symbols, and what isotopes are.

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Alpha, Beta and Gamma Radiation

Learn what alpha, beta and gamma radiation are and how to tell them apart.

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Detecting Radiation and Background Radiation

Learn how film and Geiger-Müller detectors work and where background radiation comes from.

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Practical: Penetration of Radiation

How to test the penetration of alpha, beta and gamma radiation and identify an unknown source.

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Nuclear Decay

Learn how alpha, beta, gamma and neutron radiation change the atomic and mass numbers.

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Balancing Nuclear Equations

Learn to write and balance nuclear equations for alpha, beta, gamma and neutron emission.

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Activity and Half-Life

Learn what activity is, why it falls, and what half-life means for isotopes.

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Half-Life Calculations and Graphs

Working out activity, time and half-life with halving tables, background correction and graphs

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Uses of Radioactivity in Medicine

Medical tracers, radiotherapy and sterilising equipment, and why gamma and each half-life are chosen

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Uses of Radioactivity in Industry

Industrial uses of radioactivity and why each job needs a particular radiation and half-life

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Contamination and Irradiation

Difference between irradiation and contamination, which radiation is most dangerous, and the precautions for each

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Dangers of Ionising Radiation

How ionising radiation damages cells and causes mutations, and how radioactive waste risks are reduced

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Fission and Fusion (3 lessons)

Explore fission and fusion in Physics.

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Nuclear Fission

How a neutron splits a uranium-235 nucleus, releasing kinetic energy, two daughter nuclei and neutrons

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Chain Reactions and Nuclear Reactors

How chain reactions are controlled in a reactor using control rods, moderator and shielding

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Nuclear Fusion

Fusion joins small nuclei, powers stars, and needs extreme heat and pressure

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Theme 8: Astrophysics

Motion in the Universe (3 lessons)

Explore motion in the universe in Physics.

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The Universe and Gravity

Learn the order of size from planet to universe and why weight changes on other worlds

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Orbits of Planets, Moons, Comets and Satellites

Learn how gravity keeps moons, planets, satellites and comets in orbit and how orbits differ

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Orbital Speed

Use orbital speed equals two pi r over T, including unit conversions and rearranging

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Stellar Evolution (4 lessons)

Explore stellar evolution in Physics.

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Star Colour and Temperature

Classify stars by colour and link colour to surface temperature, from red to blue

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Life Cycle of Stars Like the Sun

Follow a Sun-like star from nebula through main sequence and red giant to white dwarf

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Life Cycle of Massive Stars

Follow a massive star from nebula to supernova, then neutron star or black hole

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Absolute Magnitude and the HR Diagram

Compare stars fairly with absolute magnitude and sketch the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram

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Cosmology (3 lessons)

Explore cosmology in Physics.

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Red-shift of Light from Galaxies

Explain how red-shift of light from galaxies is evidence that the universe is expanding

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The Red-shift Equation

Use the red-shift equation to find the velocity of a galaxy from its wavelength shift

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The Big Bang Theory

Describe the Big Bang theory and the red-shift and CMB radiation evidence for it

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Theme 9: Exam and Practical Skills

The Exam Papers (3 lessons)

Explore the exam papers in Physics.

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How the Physics Exams Work

Learn how the two Physics papers work, what AO1 to AO3 reward, and timing

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Command Words in Physics Exams

Learn what every command word in Physics exams asks for and how to answer each one

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Equations to Learn and Equations Given

Know which physics equations to learn, which are given, their units, and how to choose one

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Practical Skills (2 lessons)

Explore practical skills in Physics.

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Planning Investigations

Plan fair investigations, choose precise equipment, record results and use the spec's suggested practicals

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Analysing and Evaluating Experimental Data

Analyse results, judge reliability, spot errors and evaluate methods to suggest improvements

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Maths Skills (3 lessons)

Explore maths skills in Physics.

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Maths Skills: Numbers and Data

Use standard form, significant figures, sin on a calculator, means, charts, probability and orders of magnitude

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Maths Skills: Algebra and Units

Use inequality symbols, rearrange equations, convert units and set out physics calculations the way examiners reward

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Maths Skills: Graphs and Shapes

Plot graphs, find slopes, intercepts and areas under curves, and calculate areas and cube volumes

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