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Pearson Edexcel IGCSE Economics

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Theme 1: The Market System

The Economic Problem (4 lessons)

Explore the economic problem in Economics.

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Scarcity: The Basic Economic Problem

Learn what economics studies, why scarcity is the basic problem, and why it forces choices.

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Opportunity Cost

Learn what opportunity cost is and how it affects consumers, producers and the government.

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Production Possibility Curves

Learn to draw a production possibility curve and use it to show choices and opportunity cost.

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Economic Growth and Shifting the PPF

How the production possibility frontier shifts to show economic growth, and what causes it.

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Economic Assumptions (1 lessons)

Explore economic assumptions in Economics.

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Do Consumers and Firms Always Maximise?

Why economists assume consumers maximise benefit and firms maximise profit, and why real life differs.

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Demand, Supply and Equilibrium (6 lessons)

Explore demand, supply and equilibrium in Economics.

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Demand and the Demand Curve

Learn what demand means, draw a demand curve, and tell movements along it from shifts.

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What Shifts the Demand Curve

Learn the six factors that shift the demand curve and which way each one moves it.

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Supply and the Supply Curve

Learn what supply means, draw a supply curve, and tell movements along it from shifts.

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What Shifts the Supply Curve

Learn the five factors that shift the supply curve and which way each one moves it.

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Market Equilibrium

Learn how demand and supply set the market price and quantity, and how shifts change them.

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Excess Demand, Excess Supply and Market Forces

Learn what happens when prices are too high or too low and how markets fix it.

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Elasticity (7 lessons)

Explore elasticity in Economics.

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Price Elasticity of Demand: Calculating PED

Learn how to calculate price elasticity of demand and read what the number means.

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PED Diagrams and What Affects PED

Draw price elastic and inelastic demand diagrams and explain what makes PED high or low.

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PED and Total Revenue

Use total revenue changes after a price change to tell elastic from inelastic demand.

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Price Elasticity of Supply

Calculate price elasticity of supply, read values from zero to infinity and draw supply diagrams.

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What Affects PES

Learn what makes supply elastic or inelastic and compare manufactured and primary products.

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Income Elasticity of Demand

Learn to calculate income elasticity of demand and tell luxury, normal and inferior goods apart.

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Why Elasticity Matters to Business and Government

See how PED decides who pays indirect taxes and how YED helps firms and governments plan.

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The Mixed Economy (4 lessons)

Explore the mixed economy in Economics.

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The Mixed Economy: Public and Private Sectors

Learn what a mixed economy is and how public and private sectors differ.

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Market Failure and Public Goods

Learn what market failure is, why governments intervene, and why public goods cause free riders.

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Who Produces What: Public and Private Sectors Compared

Learn what the public and private sectors produce and how market-led and state-led economies compare.

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Privatisation

Learn what privatisation is and how it affects consumers, workers, businesses and governments.

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Externalities (1 lessons)

Explore externalities in Economics.

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Externalities: Social Costs and Benefits

Learn what external costs and benefits are, and how to calculate social costs and benefits.

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Theme 2: Business Economics

Production (2 lessons)

Explore production in Economics.

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The Factors of Production

Learn the four factors of production and the reward each one earns.

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Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Sectors

Learn the primary, secondary and tertiary sectors and how their importance changes as economies develop.

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Productivity (2 lessons)

Explore productivity in Economics.

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Productivity

Learn what productivity is, how to calculate it, and what raises it for land, labour, capital

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The Division of Labour

Learn what the division of labour is and its advantages and disadvantages for workers and businesses

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Costs, Revenue and Profit (3 lessons)

Explore costs, revenue and profit in Economics.

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Costs, Revenue and Profit

Learn fixed and variable costs, total and average costs, revenue and profit, with cost table calculations

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Internal Economies of Scale

Learn economies of scale and the six internal types: purchasing, marketing, technical, financial, managerial, risk bearing

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External Economies and Diseconomies of Scale

Learn external economies, diseconomies of scale and how the LRAC curve shows the most efficient output

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Business Competition (4 lessons)

Explore business competition in Economics.

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Competition: Good or Bad?

Learn how competition affects efficiency, choice, quality, innovation and price for firms, consumers and the economy

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Large Firms, Small Firms and Growth

Compare large and small firms, what helps firms grow and why some firms stay small

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Monopoly

Learn what a monopoly is, its features, barriers to entry, advantages and disadvantages

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Oligopoly

Learn what an oligopoly is, its features, advantages, disadvantages, cartels and price wars

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The Labour Market (3 lessons)

Explore the labour market in Economics.

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Demand for and Supply of Labour

Learn what changes firms' demand for labour and workers' supply of labour, from machines to mobility

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Labour Quality and Human Capital

Learn why quantity and quality of labour matter and how education and training build human capital

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Wage Diagrams and Trade Unions

Draw labour market diagrams, see how shifts change wages, and learn about trade unions

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Government Intervention (3 lessons)

Explore government intervention in Economics.

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Government Policies for Externalities

Taxes, subsidies, fines, regulation and pollution permits: how they work, and their pros and cons

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Regulating Competition

How governments regulate competition, limit monopoly power, protect consumers and control mergers

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The Minimum Wage

Why governments set a minimum wage, its pros and cons, and drawing it

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Theme 3: Government and the Economy

Economic Growth (3 lessons)

Explore economic growth in Economics.

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Economic Growth and GDP

What economic growth is, how GDP and growth rates measure it, and why GDP is limited

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The Economic Cycle

The four stages of the economic cycle and their effects on growth, inflation and unemployment

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The Impact of Economic Growth

The benefits and costs of economic growth for jobs, living standards, poverty, inflation and environment

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Inflation (3 lessons)

Explore inflation in Economics.

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Inflation, Deflation and the CPI

What inflation and deflation mean and how the consumer price index measures price changes

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Causes of Inflation and Interest Rates

Why prices rise: demand-pull and cost-push inflation, and how higher interest rates reduce inflation

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The Impact of Inflation

How inflation affects prices, real wages, exports, jobs, business costs, confidence and investment

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Unemployment (2 lessons)

Explore unemployment in Economics.

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Measuring Unemployment and Its Types

What unemployment is, the ILO measure, calculating the unemployment rate and the five types

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The Impact of Unemployment

How unemployment affects output, resources, poverty, government finances, confidence and society

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Balance of Payments (2 lessons)

Explore balance of payments in Economics.

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The Current Account

What the current account is, visibles and invisibles, and calculating surpluses and deficits

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Current Account Deficits: Causes and Effects

How exchange rates affect the current account, why deficits and surpluses happen, and what deficits cost

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Environment and Equality (2 lessons)

Explore environment and equality in Economics.

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Protecting the Environment and Government Controls

Types of pollution and the pros and cons of government environmental controls

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Inequality and Poverty

Income inequality, absolute and relative poverty, and how governments redistribute income using tax, benefits and spending

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Government Policies (5 lessons)

Explore government policies in Economics.

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Fiscal Policy: Taxes and Spending

What fiscal policy is, how direct and indirect taxes raise revenue, where governments spend

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Fiscal Deficits, Surpluses and Their Impact

Fiscal deficits and surpluses, how to calculate them, and how fiscal policy affects the economy

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Monetary Policy and Interest Rates

How central banks set interest rates and how rate changes affect consumers, businesses and inflation

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Supply-Side Policies

What supply-side policy is, six ways to raise productivity and output, and their effects on objectives

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Trade-Offs Between Objectives

How policies create trade-offs between macroeconomic objectives and how to decide which to prioritise

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Theme 4: The Global Economy

Globalisation (3 lessons)

Explore globalisation in Economics.

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Globalisation and Why It Happened

What globalisation is and the four reasons it has grown across the world

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The Impact of Globalisation

How globalisation affects living standards, choice, prices, jobs, governments and the environment

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Multinationals and Foreign Direct Investment

What multinationals and FDI are, why they emerge, and their pros and cons for host countries

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International Trade (4 lessons)

Explore international trade in Economics.

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Free Trade

What free trade is, and its advantages and disadvantages for consumers, businesses and workers

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Why Countries Protect Their Industries

Why governments protect industries: dumping, jobs, infant industries, tariff revenue, safety, deficits and retaliation

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Tariffs, Quotas and Subsidies

Tariffs, quotas and subsidies: how each protects industries, pros and cons, and drawing their diagrams

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Trading Blocs, the WTO and Trade Patterns

Trading blocs, the WTO and the trade patterns of developed and developing countries explained simply

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Exchange Rates (2 lessons)

Explore exchange rates in Economics.

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Exchange Rates and How They Are Set

Exchange rates, converting currencies and what moves a currency's demand and supply, with diagrams

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Appreciation and Depreciation

Appreciation, depreciation, revaluation and devaluation, and their effects on trade prices and the current account

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Theme 5: Exam Skills

Exam Skills (1 lessons)

Explore exam skills in Economics.

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How the Exams Work and What Examiners Reward

How the two papers work, the four assessment objectives, question technique and a timing plan

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